Form 8-K

8-K — Spok Holdings, Inc

Accession: 0001289945-26-000021

Filed: 2026-04-29

Period: 2026-04-29

CIK: 0001289945

SIC: 4812 (RADIO TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS)

Item: Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Item: Other Events

Item: Financial Statements and Exhibits

Documents

8-K — spok-20260429.htm (Primary)

EX-99.1 (a1q26-ex991earningspressre.htm)

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8-K

8-K (Primary)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): April 29, 2026

SPOK HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware 001-32358 16-1694797

(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation) (Commission

File Number) (I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

3000 Technology Drive,

Suite 400

Plano,

Texas

75074

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (800) 611-8488

Not Applicable

Former name or former address, if changed since last report

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

☐ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class Trading symbol Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share SPOK NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Item 2.02 Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

On April 29, 2026, Spok Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release announcing financial results for the first quarter ending March 31, 2026. A copy of the press release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 to this report.

Item 8.01 Other Events.

On April 29, 2026, the Board declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.3125 per share of the Company's common stock payable on June 24, 2026, to stockholders of record on May 26, 2026.

Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits:

Exhibit

No. Description

99.1

Spok Holdings, Inc. Earnings Press Release dated April 29, 2026

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document)

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Spok Holdings, Inc.

Date: April 29, 2026 By: /s/ Michael W. Wallace

Name: Michael W. Wallace

Title: Chief Financial Officer

EX-99.1

Filename: a1q26-ex991earningspressre.htm · Sequence: 2

Document

Exhibit 99.1

NEWS RELEASE

CONTACT:

Al Galgano

952-224-6096

al.galgano@spok.com

Spok Reports First Quarter 2026 Results

Year-Over-Year Software Managed Services Revenue Growth of Nearly 57%

Company Reiterates 2026 Financial Guidance

Plano, Tx. (April 29, 2026) - Spok Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: SPOK), a global leader in healthcare communications, today announced results for the first quarter ended March 31, 2026. In addition, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.3125 per share, payable on June 24, 2026, to stockholders of record on May 26, 2026.

Recent Highlights:

•Spok recently announced a strategic realignment designed to further reduce operating expenses and deliver in excess of $6.0 million in anticipated annual cost savings, along with an approximately 10% workforce reduction

•First-quarter software operations bookings included 17 six-figure customer contracts

•Software backlog totaled $55.3 million at March 31, 2026, as the Company continues to focus on multi-year and managed services bookings

•First quarter 2026 wireless average revenue per unit (ARPU) was $8.29, up 0.6% on a year-over-year basis

•Capital returned to stockholders in the first quarter of 2026 totaled $8.0 million

•Research and development costs totaled $3.5 million in the first quarter of 2026, supporting Spok's investment in the Company's industry-leading solutions to fuel future growth

•Spok is excited about the significant potential for artificial intelligence to drive further operational efficiencies across the organization, with a particular focus on accelerating product development timelines and reducing time to market for new Care Connect® Suite capabilities

•Cash and cash equivalents balance of $17.1 million at March 31, 2026, and no debt

"Our focus continues to be on generating cash flow and returning capital to stockholders, while responsibly investing for future growth,” said Vincent D. Kelly, chief executive officer of Spok Holdings, Inc. “We are confident that the strategic realignment that we announced a couple of weeks ago will create significant value for stockholders, while continuing both our investment in our Care Connect® Suite and our quarterly dividend, which currently represents a yield in excess of 10%.

Spok.com

Exhibit 99.1

NEWS RELEASE

“In the first quarter, we were able to deliver a nearly 57% year-over-year increase in software managed services revenue as well as a continued increase in the wireless average revenue per unit. Additionally, we generated nearly $2 million of net income and $5.3 million of adjusted EBITDA. Our ability to generate net income in various economic environments results from the financial platform our team has created. With over 80% of our revenues generated from re-occurring revenue streams, including software maintenance and subscription contracts, managed services, and wireless pager revenue, and a debt free balance sheet, we can mitigate the impact of timing issues and seasonality on bookings levels.

"Based on our recent announcement, and our visibility into our product sales pipeline, we are reiterating our previously provided full year 2026 financial guidance estimates for revenue and adjusted EBITDA, with the midpoint of our adjusted EBITDA guidance also being up from 2025. We are also very excited about the potential for artificial intelligence to add further efficiency across our operations and meaningfully reduce time to market on our product development goals and timelines, an opportunity we believe will create significant additional value for our customers and stockholders alike," concluded Kelly.

Spok.com

Exhibit 99.1

NEWS RELEASE

Financial Highlights:

For the three months ended March 31,

(Dollars in thousands) 2026 2025 Change (%)

Revenue

Wireless revenue

Paging revenue $ 16,569 $ 17,607 (5.9) %

Product and other revenue 917 867 5.8 %

Total wireless revenue $ 17,486 $ 18,474 (5.3) %

Software revenue

License $ 1,362 2,631 (48.2) %

Professional services - projects 3,328 $ 4,471 (25.6) %

Professional services - managed services 2,059 1,315 56.6 %

Hardware 186 321 (42.1) %

Maintenance and subscription 8,805 9,082 (3.0) %

Total software revenue $ 15,740 $ 17,820 (11.7) %

Total revenue $ 33,226 $ 36,294 (8.5) %

For the three months ended March 31,

(Dollars in thousands) 2026 2025

Change (%)

GAAP

Operating expenses $ 30,782 $ 30,276 1.7 %

Net income $ 1,987 $ 5,196 (61.8) %

Cash and cash equivalents (as of period end)

$ 17,078 $ 19,873 (14.1) %

Capital returned to stockholders $ 7,963 $ 7,947 0.2 %

Non-GAAP

Adjusted operating expenses $ 29,468 $ 29,360 0.4 %

Adjusted EBITDA $ 5,259 $ 8,204 (35.9) %

Spok.com

Exhibit 99.1

NEWS RELEASE

For the three months ended March 31,

(Dollars in thousands, excluding units in service and ARPU)

2026 2025

Change (%)

Key Statistics

Wireless units in service (000's) (as of period end)

657 705 (6.8) %

Wireless average revenue per unit (ARPU)

$ 8.29 $ 8.24 0.6 %

Software operations bookings(1)

$ 4,939 $ 8,337 (40.8) %

Software backlog (as of period end)(2)

$ 55,290 $ 63,152 (12.4) %

(1) Software operations bookings includes net new (i.e., new customers or incremental add-on sales to existing customers) sales of license, professional services, equipment, and first-year maintenance.

(2) Software backlog excludes $14.8 million and $5.0 million of contractual obligations that are deemed cancellable by the customer without significant penalty as of March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Financial Outlook:

The Company also reiterated its prior financial guidance and expects the following for the full year 2026:

(Unaudited and in millions) Current Guidance

Full Year 2026

From To

Revenue

Wireless $ 68.0 $ 71.0

Software $ 68.0 $ 72.0

Total Revenue $ 136.0 $ 143.0

Adjusted EBITDA $ 27.5 $ 32.5

2026 First Quarter Call:

Management will host a conference call and webcast to discuss these financial results on Wednesday, April 29, 2026, at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time. The presentation is open to all interested parties and may include forward-looking information.

Conference Call Details

Date/Time:

Wednesday, April 29, 2026, at 5:00 p.m. ET

Webcast: https://www.webcast-eqs.com/registration/Spok_Q1_2026

U.S. Toll-Free Dial In:

877-407-0890

International Dial In:

1-201-389-0918

Spok.com

Exhibit 99.1

NEWS RELEASE

To access the call, please dial in approximately ten minutes before the start of the call. For those unable to join the live call, an OnDemand version of the webcast will be available following the call under the URL link and on the investor relations website.

* * * * * * * * *

About Spok

Spok Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: SPOK), headquartered in Plano, Texas, is proud to be a global leader in healthcare communications. We deliver clinical information to care teams when and where it matters most to improve patient outcomes. Top hospitals rely on the Spok Care Connect® platform to enhance workflows for clinicians and support administrative compliance. Our customers send over 70 million messages each month through their Spok® solutions. Spok enables smarter, faster clinical communication. For more information, visit spok.com.

Spok is a trademark of Spok Holdings, Inc. Spok Care Connect and Spok Mobile are trademarks of Spok, Inc.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This press release contains the following non-GAAP financial measures: adjusted operating expenses and adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted operating expenses excludes depreciation and accretion expense, impairment of intangible assets and severance and restructuring costs. Adjusted EBITDA represents net income/(loss) before interest income/expense, income tax benefit/expense, depreciation and accretion expense, stock-based compensation expense, impairment of intangible assets, legal costs unrelated to core business activities and non-recurring in nature, and severance and restructuring. With respect to our expectations under "Financial Outlook" above, reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net income is not available without unreasonable efforts on a forward-looking basis due to the high variability, complexity and uncertainty with respect to certain items included in net income that are excluded from adjusted EBITDA, in particular, income tax benefit/expense, stock-based compensation expenses, impairment of intangible assets, severance and restructuring and other non-recurring expenses. These items can have unpredictable fluctuations based on unforeseen activity that is out of our control and/or cannot be reasonably predicted.

We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to management and investors regarding certain financial and business trends relating to Spok's financial condition and results of operations. We use these non-GAAP measures for financial, operational, and budgetary decision-making purposes, to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, and to generate future operating plans. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures permit

Spok.com

Exhibit 99.1

NEWS RELEASE

us to more thoroughly analyze key financial metrics used to make operational decisions and allow us to assess our core operating results. We believe that the use of these non-GAAP financial measures provides an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends and in comparing our financial measures with other software companies who present similar non-GAAP financial measures. We adjust for certain items because we do not regard these costs as reflective of normal costs related to the ongoing operation of the business in the ordinary course. In general, these items possess one or more of the following characteristics: non-cash expenses, factors outside of our control, items that are non-operational in nature, and unusual items not expected to occur in the normal course of business. We believe it is important to exclude these costs, given that they do not represent future operational costs under this strategic business plan. This allows us to assess the underlying performance of our core business under this new strategic business plan.

We do not consider these non-GAAP measures in isolation or as an alternative to financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP. The principle of these non-GAAP financial measures is that they exclude significant amounts that are required by GAAP to be recorded in the Company's financial statements. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgment by management about which items are excluded or included in determining these non-GAAP financial measures. In order to compensate for these limitations, management presents non-GAAP financial measures in connection with GAAP results. We urge investors to review the reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to the comparable GAAP financial measures, which are included in this press release, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act

Statements contained herein or in prior press releases which are not historical fact, such as statements regarding our future operating and financial performance, are forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to be materially different from the future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expectations include, but are not limited to, our ability to manage wireless network rationalization to lower our costs without causing disruption of service to our customers; our ability to retain key management personnel and to attract and retain talent within the organization; the productivity of our sales organization and our ability to deliver effective customer support; our ability to identify potential acquisitions, finance, consummate and successfully integrate such acquisitions, and achieve the expected benefits of such acquisitions; economic conditions, such as recessionary economic cycles, the impact of trade disputes, tariffs and other trade protection measures, higher interest rates, inflation and higher levels of unemployment; risks related to our overall business strategy, including maximizing revenue and cash generation from our established businesses and returning capital to stockholders through dividends and repurchases of shares of our common stock; competition for our services and products from new technologies or those offered and/or developed from firms that are substantially larger and have much greater financial and human capital resources; continuing decline in the number of paging units we have in service with customers, commensurate with a continuing

Spok.com

Exhibit 99.1

NEWS RELEASE

decline in our wireless revenue; our ability to address changing market conditions with new or revised software solutions; undetected defects, bugs, or security vulnerabilities in our products; our dependence on the United States healthcare industry; long sales cycle of our software solutions and services; our reliance on third-party vendors to supply us with wireless paging equipment; our ability to maintain successful relationships with our channel partners; our ability to protect our rights in intellectual property that we own and develop and the potential for material litigation claiming intellectual property infringement by us; our use of open source software, third-party software and other intellectual property; our reliance on data centers and other computer systems, hardware, software and satellite networks and telecommunications systems infrastructure (collectively, "IT Systems") and technologies provided by third parties, and technology systems and electronic networks supplied and managed by third parties; cyberattacks, data breaches, system disruptions or other compromises to our or our critical third parties’ IT Systems, data, products or services; our ability to realize the benefits associated with our deferred income tax assets; future impairments of our long-lived assets or goodwill; risks related to data privacy and protection-related laws and regulation; and our ability to manage changes related to regulation, including laws and regulations affecting hospitals and the healthcare industry generally, as well as other risks described from time to time in our periodic reports and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Although Spok believes the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that its expectations will be attained. Spok disclaims any intent or obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

Tables to Follow

Spok.com

SPOK HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited and in thousands except share, per share amounts and ARPU)

For the three months ended

3/31/2026 3/31/2025

Revenue:

Wireless $ 17,486 $ 18,474

Software 15,740 17,820

Total revenue 33,226 36,294

Operating expenses:

Cost of revenue (exclusive of items shown separately below) 7,729 7,284

Research and development 3,457 3,094

Technology operations 6,162 6,190

Selling and marketing 4,488 4,925

General and administrative 7,632 7,867

Depreciation and accretion 992 859

Severance and restructuring 322 57

Total operating expenses 30,782 30,276

% of total revenue 92.6 % 83.4 %

Operating income 2,444 6,018

% of total revenue 7.4 % 16.6 %

Interest income 174 219

Other income 5 22

Income before income taxes 2,623 6,259

Provision for income taxes (636) (1,063)

Net income $ 1,987 $ 5,196

Basic net income per common share $ 0.10 $ 0.25

Diluted net income per common share $ 0.09 $ 0.25

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding 20,770,505 20,440,306

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 21,141,838 20,656,794

Cash dividends declared per common share 0.3125 0.3125

SPOK HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

3/31/2026 12/31/2025

ASSETS (Unaudited)

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents $ 17,078 $ 25,280

Accounts receivable, net 19,774 22,644

Prepaid expenses 9,734 8,909

Other current assets 636 1,051

Total current assets 47,222 57,884

Non-current assets:

Property and equipment, net 5,503 5,723

Operating lease right-of-use assets 5,776 6,477

Goodwill 99,175 99,175

Deferred income tax assets, net 36,001 36,530

Other non-current assets 216 322

Total non-current assets 146,671 148,227

Total assets $ 193,893 $ 206,111

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable $ 4,932 $ 3,975

Accrued compensation and benefits 3,435 7,361

Deferred revenue 28,405 30,452

Operating lease liabilities 2,508 2,676

Other current liabilities 4,166 4,645

Total current liabilities 43,446 49,109

Non-current liabilities:

Asset retirement obligations 4,905 4,902

Operating lease liabilities 3,701 4,263

Other non-current liabilities 877 1,458

Total non-current liabilities 9,483 10,623

Total liabilities 52,929 59,732

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders' equity:

Preferred stock $ — $ —

Common stock 2 2

Additional paid-in capital 107,612 108,212

Accumulated other comprehensive loss (1,764) (1,756)

Retained earnings 35,114 39,921

Total stockholders' equity 140,964 146,379

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 193,893 $ 206,111

SPOK HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited and in thousands)

For the three months ended

3/31/2026 3/31/2025

Operating activities:

Net income $ 1,987 $ 5,196

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and accretion 992 859

Deferred income tax expense 528 962

Stock-based compensation 1,471 1,270

Provisions for credit losses, service credits and other 401 220

Changes in assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable 2,471 1,050

Prepaid expenses and other assets (303) 446

Net operating lease liabilities (29) (8)

Accounts payable and other liabilities (2,882) (6,160)

Deferred revenue (2,193) (1,582)

Net cash provided by operating activities 2,443 2,253

Investing activities:

Purchases of property and equipment (604) (745)

Net cash used in investing activities (604) (745)

Financing activities:

Cash distributions to stockholders (7,963) (7,947)

Purchase of common stock for tax withholding on vested equity awards (2,070) (2,843)

Net cash used in financing activities (10,033) (10,790)

Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents (8) 10

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (8,202) (9,272)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 25,280 29,145

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 17,078 $ 19,873

Supplemental disclosure:

Income taxes refunded $ (1) $ (4)

SPOK HOLDINGS, INC.

UNITS IN SERVICE, MARKET SEGMENTS,

AND AVERAGE REVENUE PER UNIT (ARPU)

(Unaudited and in thousands)

For the three months ended

3/31/2026 12/31/2025 9/30/2025 6/30/2025 3/31/2025 12/31/2024 9/30/2024 6/30/2024

Account size ending units in service (000's)

1 to 100 units 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

101 to 1,000 units 110 112 113 116 121 120 125 128

>1,000 units 512 527 534 540 545 560 564 577

Total 657 675 684 694 705 720 730 747

Market segment as a percent of total ending units in service

Healthcare 83.6 % 83.6 % 84.1 % 85.7 % 85.5 % 85.6 % 85.7 % 85.8 %

Government 5.0 % 4.9 % 5.0 % 4.0 % 4.0 % 4.0 % 4.1 % 4.4 %

Large enterprise 3.7 % 3.8 % 3.7 % 3.8 % 3.8 % 3.9 % 4.0 % 4.0 %

Other(1)

7.7 % 7.7 % 7.2 % 6.5 % 6.7 % 6.5 % 6.2 % 5.8 %

Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Account size ARPU

1 to 100 units $ 13.21 $ 13.26 $ 12.92 $ 12.88 $ 13.04 $ 13.08 $ 12.70 $ 12.51

101 to 1,000 units 9.95 9.97 9.83 9.72 9.64 9.60 9.19 9.06

>1,000 units 7.61 7.56 7.51 7.54 7.59 7.50 7.33 7.21

Total $ 8.29 $ 8.26 $ 8.19 $ 8.20 $ 8.24 $ 8.16 $ 7.95 $ 7.84

(1) Other includes hospitality, resort and indirect units

RECONCILIATION OF ADJUSTED OPERATING EXPENSES

(Unaudited and in thousands)

For the three months ended

3/31/2026 3/31/2025

Operating expenses $ 30,782 $ 30,276

Add back:

Depreciation and accretion (992) (859)

Severance and restructuring (322) (57)

Adjusted operating expenses $ 29,468 $ 29,360

RECONCILIATION OF ADJUSTED EBITDA

(Unaudited and in thousands)

For the three months ended

3/31/2026 3/31/2025

Net income $ 1,987 $ 5,196

Add back:

Provision for income taxes 636 1,063

Other income (5) (22)

Interest income (174) (219)

Depreciation and accretion 992 859

EBITDA $ 3,436 $ 6,877

Adjustments:

Stock-based compensation 1,431 1,270

Severance and restructuring 322 57

Legal costs unrelated to core business activities and non-recurring in nature

$ 70 $ —

Adjusted EBITDA $ 5,259 $ 8,204

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Apr. 29, 2026

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- Definition

Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:

dei_EntityFileNumber

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

dei:fileNumberItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:

dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

dei:edgarStateCountryItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection b-2

+ Details

Name:

dei_EntityRegistrantName

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

xbrli:normalizedStringItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection b-2

+ Details

Name:

dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

dei:employerIdItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Local phone number for entity.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:

dei_LocalPhoneNumber

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

xbrli:normalizedStringItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 13e

-Subsection 4c

+ Details

Name:

dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

xbrli:booleanItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 14d

-Subsection 2b

+ Details

Name:

dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

xbrli:booleanItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Title of a 12(b) registered security.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection b

+ Details

Name:

dei_Security12bTitle

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

dei:securityTitleItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection d1-1

+ Details

Name:

dei_SecurityExchangeName

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 14a

-Subsection 12

+ Details

Name:

dei_SolicitingMaterial

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

xbrli:booleanItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:

dei_TradingSymbol

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

dei:tradingSymbolItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration

- Definition

Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Securities Act

-Number 230

-Section 425

+ Details

Name:

dei_WrittenCommunications

Namespace Prefix:

dei_

Data Type:

xbrli:booleanItemType

Balance Type:

Period Type:

duration