Form 8-K

8-K — AMERICAN STATES WATER CO

Accession: 0001628280-26-053403

Filed: 2026-08-05

Period: 2026-08-05

CIK: 0001056903

SIC: 4941 (WATER SUPPLY)

Item: Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Item: Financial Statements and Exhibits

Documents

8-K — awr-20260805.htm (Primary)

EX-99.1 (exhibit991pressrelease2026.htm)

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8-K

8-K (Primary)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (date of earliest event reported): August 5, 2026

AMERICAN STATES WATER COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

California

001-14431

95-4676679

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(Commission File Number)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

630 East Foothill Blvd.

San Dimas

91773-1212

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Zip Code)

(909) 394-3600

Registrant's telephone number, including area code

Not Applicable

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report.)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

☐ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered

American States Water Company Common Shares AWR New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Section 2 - Financial Information

Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition

On August 5, 2026, American States Water Company (NYSE:AWR) released earnings for the second quarter ended June 30, 2026. A copy of the Company’s press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1.

The information furnished in this Current Report, including Exhibit 99.1, shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), nor shall it be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

Section 9 - Financial Statements and Exhibits

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits

The following document is filed as an Exhibit to this report:

Exhibit No. Description

99.1

American States Water Company's Press Release for the Second Quarter Ended June 30, 2026

104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

AMERICAN STATES WATER COMPANY

August 5, 2026

/s/ Eva G. Tang

Eva G. Tang

Senior Vice President-Finance, Chief Financial Officer, Corporate Secretary and Treasurer

EX-99.1

Filename: exhibit991pressrelease2026.htm · Sequence: 2

Document

Exhibit 99.1

American States Water Company Announces

Second Quarter 2026 Results

•A 25.3% increase, or $0.22 per share, in reported second quarter 2026 consolidated diluted EPS compared to second quarter of 2025

◦Increased earnings per share at all operating business segments

•Quarterly dividend increased 8.2% with first payment on September 2 to holders of record on August 17

◦This marks the 72nd consecutive year that AWR has increased annual dividends to shareholders

•AWR’s regulated utilities on target to invest $185 to $220 million in 2026

•AWR’s contracted services business is expected to contribute $0.63 to $0.67 per share for full year 2026

•In July, Standard & Poor’s affirmed the company’s strong credit ratings of “A” for AWR with a stable outlook, and “A+” for its regulated water utility with a stable outlook

San Dimas, California, August 5, 2026…. American States Water Company (NYSE:AWR) today reported basic and fully diluted earnings per share of $1.10 and $1.09, respectively, for the quarter ended June 30, 2026, as compared to basic and fully diluted earnings per share of $0.87 for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, an increase of $0.22 per fully diluted share or 25.3%, primarily generated from higher earnings at the water utility segment resulting largely from, among other factors, the implementation of new customer rate increases approved by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) as discussed in more detail below. In addition, there was an increase in construction activities that resulted in higher earnings at the contracted services segment.

On June 12, 2026, AWR successfully completed its at-the-market (ATM) offering program, which was originally established on February 27, 2024. AWR reached the maximum aggregate offering capacity of $200 million in gross proceeds raised that resulted in the total sale of 2,575,947 Common Shares through this ATM offering program. No further sales of Common Shares will be made under this program, and AWR has no plans to issue additional equity through, at least, the end of 2029 to support its current operations.

Second Quarter 2026 Results

The table below sets forth a comparison of the second quarter of 2026 diluted earnings per share contribution reported by business segment and for the parent company compared with amounts reported during the same period in 2025.

Diluted Earnings per Share

Three Months Ended

6/30/2026 6/30/2025 CHANGE

Water $ 0.91 $ 0.73 $ 0.18

Electric 0.04 0.03 0.01

Contracted services 0.16 0.13 0.03

AWR (parent) (0.01) (0.01) —

Consolidated diluted earnings per share, as reported (GAAP)

$ 1.09 $ 0.87 $ 0.22

Note: Certain amounts in the table above may not foot or crossfoot due to rounding.

Water Segment:

For the three months ended June 30, 2026, reported diluted earnings from AWR's water utility segment, Golden State Water Company (GSWC), were $0.91 per share, as compared to $0.73 per share for the same period in 2025, an increase of $0.18 per share, or 24.7%. This growth stems largely from CPUC-approved rate increases effective January 1, 2026, which boosted 2026 full-year adopted operating revenues less water supply costs by $32.0 million over 2025 adopted amounts, including $11.0 million for capital projects approved through advice letter filings. To a lesser extent, 2026 second-quarter earnings also benefited from a 4% increase in water consumption and a lower reliance on purchased water included in the water supply source mix compared to 2025 second-quarter. Due to the CPUC’s approval of a modified revenue decoupling mechanism and an incremental water supply cost balancing account effective January 1, 2025, GSWC’s earnings face future volatility from consumption fluctuations and water supply mix changes.

It is uncertain whether the second quarter’s trend of higher customer demand and a favorable water supply source mix will continue throughout the remainder of 2026, or if their positive earnings effects will reverse. Consumption changes depend on factors like climate change, conservation, and weather conditions. For example, El Niño or La Niña weather events could cause fluctuating precipitation that shifts outdoor water use. Additionally, water supply mix changes can occur due to unforeseen changes in groundwater quality and operating conditions of groundwater basins and associated pumping facilities. Any of these factors could directly impact GSWC’s future net earnings.

The following discussion analyzes the primary variances in the water segment’s earnings between the two periods.

•An increase in water operating revenues of $11.4 million was largely a result of (i) the CPUC-authorized second-year rate increases effective January 1, 2026, (ii) additional revenues for the recovery of capital projects approved in various advice letter filings effective January 1, 2026, (iii) additional revenues for increases in the per-unit water supply costs incurred, which, as noted below, result in no net impact to earnings, and (iv) an increase in water consumption of approximately 4% favorably impacting net earnings when compared to the same period in 2025. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $1.6 million in billed surcharges. CPUC-approved surcharges are billed to customers to recover previously incurred costs. Changes in billed surcharge revenues are offset by equal changes in operating expenses, resulting in no net impact to earnings.

•An increase in water supply costs of $0.7 million, which consist of purchased water, purchased power for pumping, groundwater production assessments and changes in the water supply cost balancing accounts. The increase in water supply costs compared to the same period in 2025 was largely because of (i) an overall increase in per-unit water supply costs that are covered in current rates, as noted above, resulting in no net impact to earnings, and (ii) an increase in the production of water resulting from higher customer consumption. These increases were partially offset by the impact of an actual water supply source mix that included less purchased water during the second quarter of 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025 due primarily to wells being brought back online in certain customer service areas.

•An overall increase in operating expenses of $0.2 million (excluding supply costs) due largely to increases in (i) overall labor costs, (ii) depreciation and amortization expenses, which are impacted by increasing

capital additions placed in service and are reflected and recovered in customer rates, and (iii) property and other non-income taxes; partially offset by a decrease in surcharges of $1.6 million. As noted above, changes in billed surcharge revenues are offset by equal changes in operating expenses, resulting in no net impact to earnings.

•An overall increase in interest expense (net of interest income) of $0.9 million resulting largely from (i) the impact of capitalizing debt costs related to certain advice letter projects approved by the CPUC in the latest general rate case effective January 1, 2025 that was recorded in 2025 with no similar item in 2026, and (ii) a decrease in interest income earned on regulatory assets due to decreasing regulatory balances as GSWC recovers the amounts through surcharges. The advice letter projects discussed are now included in adopted rate base and are part of the rate increases effective January 1, 2026.

•An overall increase in other income (net of other expense) of $2.0 million due largely to gains totaling $4.3 million generated on investments held to fund one of the company’s retirement plans during the three months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to gains on investments of $2.7 million recorded during the same period in 2025 due to financial market conditions, and a decrease in the non-service cost components related to GSWC’s benefit plans resulting from changes in actuarial assumptions. However, as a result of GSWC’s two-way pension balancing accounts authorized by the CPUC, changes in total net periodic benefits costs related to the pension plan have no material impact to earnings.

•Changes in certain flowed-through income taxes and permanent items included in GSWC’s income tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025 unfavorably impacted the water segment’s earnings. As a regulated utility, GSWC treats certain temporary differences as being flowed-through in computing its income tax expense consistent with the income tax method used in its CPUC-jurisdiction rate making. Changes in the magnitude of flowed-through items either increase or decrease tax expense, thereby affecting diluted earnings per share.

•A decrease in earnings of approximately $0.02 per share due to the dilutive effects from the issuance of equity under AWR’s ATM offering program as previously discussed.

Electric Segment:

Diluted earnings from the electric utility segment increased $0.01 per share for the second quarter of 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025 largely resulting from an increase of $0.7 million in electric revenues due to the CPUC-authorized fourth-year rate increases in 2026 and additional revenues approved largely after the second quarter of 2025 to recover the cost plus an allowance for funds used during construction of certain advice letter capital projects. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in billed surcharges of $0.4 million. As previously discussed, changes in billed surcharge revenues are offset by equal changes in operating expenses, resulting in no net impact to earnings.

The net increase in electric revenues discussed above was partially offset by an overall increase in operating expenses and interest expense (net of interest and other income), partially offset by a decrease in surcharges as discussed above.

Contracted Services Segment:

Diluted earnings from the contracted services segment increased $0.03 per share for the second quarter of 2026 when compared to the same period in 2025 largely resulting from (i) an increase in construction activities, (ii) an increase in management fee revenues resulting from the resolution of various economic price adjustments, and (iii) a decrease in interest expense (net of interest income) due to lower average borrowing levels and average interest rates. These favorable variances were partially offset by an increase in overall operating expenses (excluding construction expenses). The contracted services segment is expected to contribute $0.63 to $0.67 per share for the full year of 2026.

Year-to-Date (“YTD”) 2026 Results

•YTD 2026 consolidated diluted earnings per share were $1.86 compared to YTD 2025 of $1.57 per share, an increase of $0.29 per share or 18.5%, largely from new rates implemented at AWR's regulated utilities and higher earnings at the contracted services segment from an increase in construction activities

The table below sets forth a comparison of the diluted earnings per share contribution by business segment and for the parent company as recorded during the year-to-date June 30, 2026 and 2025.

Diluted Earnings per Share

Six Months Ended

6/30/2026 6/30/2025 CHANGE

Water $ 1.47 $ 1.25 $ 0.22

Electric 0.12 0.10 0.02

Contracted services 0.31 0.26 0.05

AWR (parent) (0.03) (0.03) —

Consolidated diluted earnings per share, as recorded (GAAP) $ 1.86 $ 1.57 $ 0.29

Note: Certain amounts in the table above may not foot or crossfoot due to rounding.

For the six months ended June 30, 2026, AWR’s recorded consolidated diluted earnings were $1.86 per share, as compared to $1.57 per share recorded for the same period in 2025, an increase of $0.29 per share or 18.5%, primarily generated from higher earnings at the water utility segment resulting from, among other factors, the implementation of new customer rate increases approved by the CPUC as previously discussed. In addition, there was an increase in construction activities that resulted in higher earnings at the contracted services segment. AWR’s consolidated diluted earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2026 were negatively impacted by approximately $0.04 per share due to the continued dilutive effects from the issuance of equity under AWR’s ATM offering program. AWR successfully completed the ATM offering program, reaching the maximum aggregate offering capacity of $200 million in gross proceeds raised, and no further sales of Common Shares will be made under this program.

For more details on the YTD results, please refer to the company’s Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Dividends

On July 28, 2026, AWR’s Board of Directors approved an 8.2% increase in the third quarter dividend of $0.5455 per share from $0.5040 per share on AWR’s Common Shares. Dividends on the Common Shares will be paid on September 2, 2026 to shareholders of record at the close of business on August 17, 2026. AWR has paid common dividends every year since 1931, and has increased the dividends received by shareholders each calendar year for 72 consecutive years, which places it in an exclusive group of companies on the New York Stock Exchange that have achieved that result. AWR has grown its quarterly dividend rate at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.4% over the last five years since the third quarter of 2021, and is on pace to achieve a 10-year CAGR of 8.7% in its calendar year dividend payments through 2026. AWR’s current policy is to achieve a CAGR in the dividend of more than 7% over the long-term.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This press release includes a discussion on AWR’s operations in terms of diluted earnings per share by business segment and AWR (parent), which is each business segment’s earnings divided by the company’s weighted average number of diluted common shares. This measure by business segment is derived from consolidated financial information but is not presented in our financial statements that are prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the United States. This item constitutes a “non-GAAP financial measure” under SEC rules, which supplements our GAAP disclosures but should not be considered as an alternative to the respective GAAP measure. Furthermore, this non-GAAP financial measure may not be comparable to similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures of other registrants.

The company uses earnings per share by business segment and AWR (parent), a non-GAAP measure, as an important measure in evaluating its operating results and believes it provides investors with clarity surrounding the performance of its business segments and the parent company. The company reviews this measurement regularly and compares it to historical periods and to the operating budget. The company has provided the computations and reconciliations of diluted earnings per share from the measure of net income (loss) by business segment and for the parent company to AWR’s consolidated fully diluted earnings per share in this press release.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “can,” “will,” “likely,” “possibility,” “should,” “could,” “plan,” and similar phrases and expressions, and variations or negatives of these words. They are not guarantees or assurances of any outcomes, financial results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance upon them. The forward-looking statements are subject to a number of estimates and assumptions, and known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those described in greater detail in the company’s filings with the SEC, particularly those described in the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Readers are encouraged to review the company’s filings with the SEC for a more complete discussion of risks and other factors that could affect any forward-looking statements. The statements made herein speak only as of the date of this press release and except as required by law, the company does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement.

Conference Call

Robert Sprowls, president and chief executive officer, and Eva Tang, senior vice president and chief financial officer, will host a conference call to discuss these results at 2:00 p.m. Eastern Time (11:00 a.m. Pacific Time) on Thursday, August 6. There will be a question and answer session as part of the call. Interested parties can listen to the live conference call and view accompanying slides on the internet at www.aswater.com. The call will be archived on the website and available for replay beginning August 6, 2026 at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time (2:00 p.m. Pacific Time) through August 13, 2026.

About American States Water Company

American States Water Company is the parent of Golden State Water Company, Bear Valley Electric Service, Inc. and American States Utility Services, Inc., serving over one million people in ten states. Through its water utility subsidiary, Golden State Water Company, the company provides water service to approximately 265,200 customer connections located within more than 80 communities in Northern, Coastal and Southern California. Through its electric utility subsidiary, Bear Valley Electric Service, Inc., the company distributes electricity to approximately 24,900 customer connections in the City of Big Bear Lake and surrounding areas in San Bernardino County, California. Through its contracted services subsidiary, American States Utility Services, Inc., the company provides operations, maintenance and construction management services for water distribution, wastewater collection, and treatment facilities located on twelve military bases throughout the country under 50-year privatization contracts with the U.S. government in 8 states and one military base under a 15-year contract in 1 additional state.

CONTACT: Eva G. Tang

Senior Vice President-Finance, Chief Financial Officer,

Corporate Secretary and Treasurer

Telephone: (909) 394-3600, ext. 707

American States Water Company

Consolidated

Comparative Condensed Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(in thousands) June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025

Assets

Net Property, Plant and Equipment $2,367,219 $2,296,319

Other Property and Investments 61,612 58,664

Current Assets 226,494 231,074

Other Assets 119,635 129,035

Total Assets $2,774,960 $2,715,092

Capitalization and Liabilities

Capitalization $1,839,215 $1,828,281

Current Liabilities 231,106 174,612

Other Credits 704,639 712,199

Total Capitalization and Liabilities $2,774,960 $2,715,092

Condensed Statements of Income (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

June 30, Six Months Ended

June 30,

(in thousands, except per share amounts) 2026 2025 2026 2025

Operating Revenues

Water $ 131,050 $ 119,697 $ 244,160 $ 221,700

Electric 13,626 12,928 32,283 27,930

Contracted services 36,614 30,441 74,038 61,449

Total operating revenues 181,290 163,066 350,481 311,079

Operating Expenses

Water purchased 23,543 23,911 44,903 40,219

Power purchased for pumping 3,699 3,554 6,996 6,703

Groundwater production assessment 7,270 6,125 12,797 11,804

Power purchased for resale 2,766 3,466 7,558 9,534

Supply cost balancing accounts 247 (136) (71) (1,852)

Other operation 12,034 12,310 23,302 22,800

Administrative and general 24,521 25,222 52,675 52,097

Depreciation and amortization 12,747 11,681 25,431 23,263

Maintenance 6,201 6,129 11,901 10,276

Property and other taxes 7,544 6,955 15,567 13,907

ASUS construction 16,747 12,890 34,080 25,823

Total operating expenses 117,319 112,107 235,139 214,574

Operating income 63,971 50,959 115,342 96,505

Other Income and Expenses

Interest expense (12,174) (12,108) (24,281) (24,190)

Interest income 886 1,498 1,862 3,511

Other, net 5,070 3,576 4,650 3,405

Total other income and (expenses), net

(6,218) (7,034) (17,769) (17,274)

Income Before Income Tax Expense 57,753 43,925 97,573 79,231

Income tax expense 14,479 10,235 24,351 18,697

Net Income $ 43,274 $ 33,690 $ 73,222 $ 60,534

Weighted average shares outstanding 39,341 38,509 39,227 38,382

Basic earnings per Common Share $ 1.10 $ 0.87 $ 1.86 $ 1.57

Weighted average diluted shares 39,478 38,642 39,346 38,500

Fully diluted earnings per Common Share $ 1.09 $ 0.87 $ 1.86 $ 1.57

Dividends paid per Common Share $ 0.5040 $ 0.4655 $ 1.0080 $ 0.9310

Computation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure (Unaudited)

Below are the computation and reconciliation of diluted earnings per share from the measure of net income (loss) by business segment and AWR (parent) to AWR’s consolidated fully diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025.

Water Electric Contracted Services AWR (Parent) Consolidated (GAAP)

In 000's except per share amounts Q2 2026 Q2 2025 Q2 2026 Q2 2025 Q2 2026 Q2 2025 Q2 2026 Q2 2025 Q2 2026 Q2 2025

Net income (loss) $ 36,101 $ 28,140 $ 1,492 $ 1,176 $ 6,186 $ 4,874 $ (505) $ (500) $ 43,274 $ 33,690

Weighted Average Number of Diluted Shares 39,478 38,642 39,478 38,642 39,478 38,642 39,478 38,642 39,478 38,642

Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ 0.91 $ 0.73 $ 0.04 $ 0.03 $ 0.16 $ 0.13 $ (0.01) $ (0.01) $ 1.09 $ 0.87

Water Electric Contracted Services AWR (Parent) Consolidated (GAAP)

In 000's except per share amounts YTD 2026 YTD 2025 YTD 2026 YTD 2025 YTD 2026 YTD 2025 YTD 2026 YTD 2025 YTD 2026 YTD 2025

Net income (loss) $ 57,784 $ 48,046 $ 4,805 $ 3,802 $ 12,001 $ 9,998 $ (1,368) $ (1,312) $ 73,222 $ 60,534

Weighted Average Number of Diluted Shares 39,346 38,500 39,346 38,500 39,346 38,500 39,346 38,500 39,346 38,500

Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ 1.47 $ 1.25 $ 0.12 $ 0.10 $ 0.31 $ 0.26 $ (0.03) $ (0.03) $ 1.86 $ 1.57

Note: Certain amounts in the tables above may not foot or crossfoot due to rounding.

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The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.

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Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection b-2

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The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.

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Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection b-2

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- Definition

Local phone number for entity.

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No definition available.

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Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 13e

-Subsection 4c

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Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

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- Definition

Title of a 12(b) registered security.

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-Number 240

-Section 12

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Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.

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-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection d1-1

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Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.

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Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 14a

-Subsection 12

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Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.

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No definition available.

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Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.

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Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Securities Act

-Number 230

-Section 425

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