Cloudflare Announces Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2025 Financial Results

SAN FRANCISCO--( BUSINESS WIRE)--Cloudflare, Inc. (NYSE: NET), the leading connectivity cloud company, today announced financial results for its fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.

"We had an exceptionally strong end to 2025. In Q4, we closed our largest annual contract value deal ever—averaging $42.5 million per year—and total new ACV grew nearly 50 percent year-over-year, our fastest growth rate since 2021," said Matthew Prince, co-founder & CEO, Cloudflare. "The shift toward AI and agents represents a fundamental re-platforming of the Internet that's driving demand across Cloudflare's services. If agents are the new users of the web, Cloudflare is the platform they run on and the network they pass through. This creates a virtuous flywheel: more agents drive more code to Cloudflare Workers, which fuels demand for our performance, security, and networking services. We were built for this moment and the rise of the Agentic Internet."

Fourth Quarter 2025 Financial Highlights

Full Year 2025 Financial Highlights

The section titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information" below describes our usage of non-GAAP financial measures. Reconciliations between historical GAAP and non-GAAP information are contained at the end of this press release following the accompanying financial data.

Financial Outlook

For the first quarter of 2026, we expect:

For the full year 2026, we expect:

These statements are forward-looking and actual results may differ materially. Refer to the Forward-Looking Statements safe harbor below for information on the factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements.

Conference Call Information

Cloudflare will host an investor conference call to discuss its fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 earnings results today at 2:00 p.m. Pacific time (5:00 p.m. Eastern time). Interested parties can access the call by dialing (646) 968-2727 or toll-free at (888) 596-4244 with conference ID 3723782. A live webcast of the conference call will be accessible from the investor relations website at https://cloudflare.NET. A replay will be available approximately two hours after the conclusion of the live event and will remain available for approximately one year.

Supplemental Financial and Other Information

Supplemental financial and other information can be accessed through the Company’s investor relations website at https://cloudflare.NET.

Non-GAAP Financial Information

Cloudflare believes that the presentation of non-GAAP financial information provides important supplemental information to management and investors regarding financial and business trends relating to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. Reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial results as determined in accordance with GAAP are included at the end of this press release following the accompanying financial data. A reconciliation of non-GAAP guidance measures to corresponding GAAP measures is not available on a forward-looking basis without unreasonable effort due to the uncertainty of expenses that may be incurred in the future. For further information regarding why Cloudflare believes that these non-GAAP measures provide useful information to investors, the specific manner in which management uses these measures, and some of the limitations associated with the use of these measures, please refer to the “Explanation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section at the end of this press release.

Available Information

Cloudflare intends to use its press releases, website, investor relations website, news site, blog, X account, Facebook account, and Instagram account, in addition to filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and public conference calls, as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “explore,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue,” or the negative of these words, or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans, or intentions. However, not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward-looking statements expressed or implied in this press release include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our future financial and operating performance, our reputation and performance in the market, general market trends, our estimated and projected revenue, non-GAAP income from operations and non-GAAP net income per share, shares outstanding, the benefits to customers from using our products, the expected functionality and performance of our products, the demand by customers for our products, our plans and objectives for future operations, growth, initiatives, or strategies, our market opportunity, and comments made by our CEO and others. There are a significant number of factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from statements made in this press release, including: the impact of adverse macroeconomic conditions on our and our customers’, vendors’, and partners’ operations and future financial performance; the impact of conflicts and geopolitical tension around the world, or any worsening or expansion of those conflicts or tensions, as well as other geopolitical events such as elections and other governmental changes, threats of tariffs and other impediments to cross-border trade; our history of net losses; risks associated with managing our growth; our ability to attract and retain new customers (including new large customers); our ability to retain and upgrade paying customers and convert free customers to paying customers; our ability to expand the number of products we sell to paying customers; our ability to effectively increase sales to large customers; our ability to increase brand awareness; our ability to continue to innovate and develop new products and product features; our ability to generate demand for our products; our ability to effectively attract, train, and retain our sales force to be able to sell our existing and new products and product features; our sales team’s productivity; our ability to effectively attract, integrate and retain key personnel; problems with our internal systems, network, or data, including actual or perceived breaches or failures; rapidly evolving technological developments in the market, including advancements in AI; length of our sales cycles and the timing of payments by our customers; activities of our paying and free customers or the content of their websites and other Internet properties that use our network and products; foreign currency fluctuations; changes in the legal, tax, and regulatory environment applicable to our business; and other general market, political, economic, and business conditions. Our actual results could differ materially from those stated or implied in forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including but not limited to, risks detailed in our filings with the SEC, including our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on October 30, 2025, as well as other filings that we may make from time to time with the SEC.

The forward-looking statements made in this press release relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this press release to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this press release or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.

About Cloudflare

Cloudflare, Inc. (NYSE: NET) is the leading connectivity cloud company on a mission to help build a better Internet. It empowers organizations to make their employees, applications and networks faster and more secure everywhere, while reducing complexity and cost. Cloudflare’s connectivity cloud delivers the most full-featured, unified platform of cloud-native products and developer tools, so any organization can gain the control they need to work, develop, and accelerate their business.

Powered by one of the world’s largest and most interconnected networks, Cloudflare blocks billions of threats online for its customers every day. It is trusted by millions of organizations – from the largest brands to entrepreneurs and small businesses to nonprofits, humanitarian groups, and governments across the globe.

Learn more about Cloudflare’s connectivity cloud at cloudflare.com/connectivity-cloud. Learn more about the latest Internet trends and insights at radar.cloudflare.com.

CLOUDFLARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Revenue

614,507

459,946

2,167,937

1,669,626

Cost of revenue (1)(2)

161,956

108,686

552,525

378,702

Gross profit

452,551

351,260

1,615,412

1,290,924

Operating expenses:

Sales and marketing (1)(2)(4)

251,138

191,967

920,817

745,791

Research and development (1)

141,887

120,213

512,489

421,374

General and administrative (1)(3)(6)(7)

108,760

73,799

389,311

278,520

Total operating expenses

501,785

385,979

1,822,617

1,445,685

Loss from operations

(49,234

)

(34,719

)

(207,205

)

(154,761

)

Non-operating income (expense):

Interest income

41,885

21,988

131,219

87,426

Interest expense (5)

(2,887

)

(1,445

)

(8,766

)

(5,196

)

Other income (expense), net

(272

)

3,333

(7,954

)

1,660

Total non-operating income, net

38,726

23,876

114,499

83,890

Loss before income taxes

(10,508

)

(10,843

)

(92,706

)

(70,871

)

Provision for income taxes

1,569

2,005

9,561

7,929

Net loss

(12,077

)

(12,848

)

(102,267

)

(78,800

)

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted

(0.03

)

(0.04

)

(0.29

)

(0.23

)

Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted

351,087

344,003

348,421

341,411

(1) Includes stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes as follows:

Cost of revenue

3,975

2,821

14,605

11,597

Sales and marketing

36,038

24,682

137,848

95,763

Research and development

46,947

45,391

174,622

151,936

General and administrative

45,391

25,528

162,863

97,127

Total stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

132,351

98,422

489,938

356,423

(2) Includes amortization of acquired intangible assets as follows:

Cost of revenue

3,653

2,720

13,172

11,084

Sales and marketing

659

362

1,826

1,663

Total amortization of acquired intangible assets

4,312

3,082

14,998

12,747

(3) Includes acquisition-related and other expenses as follows:

General and administrative

3,797

462

3,909

702

Total acquisition-related and other expenses

3,797

462

3,909

702

(4) Includes one-time compensation charge as follows:

Sales and marketing

—

15,000

Total one-time compensation charge

—

15,000

(5) Includes amortization of debt issuance costs as follows:

Interest expense

2,440

989

7,070

3,959

Total amortization of debt issuance costs

2,440

989

7,070

3,959

(6) Includes lease impairment charges as follows:

General and administrative

1,257

—

5,097

—

Total lease impairment charges

1,257

—

5,097

—

(7) Includes legal reserve and settlements as follows:

General and administrative

(2,886

)

—

(2,886

)

—

Total legal reserve and settlements

(2,886

)

—

(2,886

)

—

CLOUDFLARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except par value)

(unaudited)

December 31,

2025

December 31,

2024

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

943,536

147,691

Available-for-sale securities

3,157,715

1,708,228

Accounts receivable, net

382,488

316,753

Contract assets

23,531

16,568

Restricted cash short-term

9,364

4,273

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

128,203

75,484

Total current assets

4,644,837

2,268,997

Property and equipment, net

618,691

467,420

Goodwill

226,563

181,087

Acquired intangible assets, net

41,799

21,865

Operating lease right-of-use assets

237,646

168,379

Deferred contract acquisition costs, noncurrent

219,499

172,217

Restricted cash

1,457

2,250

Other noncurrent assets

45,764

18,947

Total assets

6,036,256

3,301,162

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable

84,115

105,807

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

109,054

81,602

Accrued compensation

111,005

80,854

Operating lease liabilities

70,901

47,626

Deferred revenue

684,207

477,765

Current portion of convertible senior notes, net

1,291,281

—

Total current liabilities

2,350,563

793,654

Convertible senior notes, net

1,974,120

1,287,321

Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent

182,025

128,266

Deferred revenue, noncurrent

41,088

22,095

Other noncurrent liabilities

29,337

23,625

Total liabilities

4,577,133

2,254,961

Stockholders’ Equity

Class A common stock; $0.001 par value; 2,250,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2025 and 2024; 317,319 and 307,892 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively

317

307

Class B common stock; $0.001 par value; 315,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2025 and 2024; 34,568 and 36,963 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively

Additional paid-in capital

2,651,420

2,152,750

Accumulated deficit

(1,204,907

)

(1,102,640

)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

12,259

(4,253

)

Total stockholders’ equity

1,459,123

1,046,201

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

6,036,256

3,301,162

CLOUDFLARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

Year Ended December 31,

2025

2024

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net loss

(102,267

)

(78,800

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization expense

189,742

127,722

Non-cash operating lease costs

66,427

49,476

Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs

101,623

77,822

Stock-based compensation expense

451,454

338,461

Amortization of debt issuance costs

7,070

3,959

Net accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on available-for-sale securities

(29,897

)

(42,081

)

Deferred income taxes

1,333

2,111

Provision for bad debt

14,989

10,038

Other

(38

)

643

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of asset acquisitions and business combinations:

Accounts receivable, net

(80,595

)

(78,523

)

Contract assets

(4,507

)

(5,527

)

Deferred contract acquisition costs

(148,905

)

(116,803

)

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

(79,995

)

(38,227

)

Other noncurrent assets

6,792

2,170

Accounts payable

8,864

18,626

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

15,422

9,900

Accrued compensation

26,675

18,742

Operating lease liabilities

(63,757

)

(55,248

)

Deferred revenue

223,815

135,008

Other noncurrent liabilities

(1,131

)

960

Net cash provided by operating activities

603,114

380,429

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Purchases of property and equipment

(315,617

)

(185,037

)

Capitalized internal-use software

(26,935

)

(28,477

)

Asset acquisitions and business combinations, net of cash acquired

(50,884

)

(37,991

)

Purchases of available-for-sale securities

(3,537,085

)

(1,572,113

)

Maturities of available-for-sale securities

2,121,993

1,493,356

Other investing activities

1,828

Net cash used in investing activities

(1,806,700

)

(330,224

)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Proceeds from settlement of the 2025 Capped Calls

309,616

—

Gross proceeds from issuance of 2030 convertible senior notes

2,000,000

—

Purchases of capped calls related to the 2030 convertible senior notes

(283,400

)

—

Cash paid for issuance costs on 2030 convertible senior notes

(29,004

)

—

Cash paid for issuance costs on revolving credit facility

—

(2,148

)

Proceeds from the exercise of stock options

33,123

12,905

Proceeds from the early exercise of stock options

—

Proceeds from the issuance of common stock for employee stock purchase plan

25,435

19,796

Payment of tax withholding obligation on RSU and PSU settlement

(48,254

)

(16,774

)

Payment of indemnity holdback

(3,787

)

(1,000

)

Net cash provided by financing activities

2,003,729

12,785

Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

800,143

62,990

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period

154,214

91,224

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period

954,357

154,214

CLOUDFLARE, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Reconciliation of cost of revenue:

GAAP cost of revenue

161,956

108,686

552,525

378,702

Less: Stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

(3,975

)

(2,821

)

(14,605

)

(11,597

)

Less: Amortization of acquired intangible assets

(3,653

)

(2,720

)

(13,172

)

(11,084

)

Non-GAAP cost of revenue

154,328

103,145

524,748

356,021

Reconciliation of gross profit:

GAAP gross profit

452,551

351,260

1,615,412

1,290,924

Add: Stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

3,975

2,821

14,605

11,597

Add: Amortization of acquired intangible assets

3,653

2,720

13,172

11,084

Non-GAAP gross profit

460,179

356,801

1,643,189

1,313,605

GAAP gross margin

73.6

76.4

74.5

77.3

Non-GAAP gross margin

74.9

77.6

75.8

78.7

Reconciliation of operating expenses:

GAAP sales and marketing

251,138

191,967

920,817

745,791

Less: Stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

(36,038

)

(24,682

)

(137,848

)

(95,763

)

Less: Amortization of acquired intangible assets

(659

)

(362

)

(1,826

)

(1,663

)

Less: One-time compensation charge

—

(15,000

)

Non-GAAP sales and marketing

214,441

166,923

781,143

633,365

GAAP research and development

141,887

120,213

512,489

421,374

Less: Stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

(46,947

)

(45,391

)

(174,622

)

(151,936

)

Non-GAAP research and development

94,940

74,822

337,867

269,438

GAAP general and administrative

108,760

73,799

389,311

278,520

Less: Stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

(45,391

)

(25,528

)

(162,863

)

(97,127

)

Less: Acquisition-related and other expenses

(3,797

)

(462

)

(3,909

)

(702

)

Less: Lease impairment charges

(1,257

)

—

(5,097

)

—

Less: Legal reserve and settlements

2,886

—

2,886

—

Non-GAAP general and administrative

61,201

47,809

220,328

180,691

Reconciliation of income (loss) from operations:

GAAP loss from operations

(49,234

)

(34,719

)

(207,205

)

(154,761

)

Add: Stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

132,351

98,422

489,938

356,423

Add: Amortization of acquired intangible assets

4,312

3,082

14,998

12,747

Add: Acquisition-related and other expenses

3,797

462

3,909

702

Add: One-time compensation charge

—

15,000

Add: Lease asset impairment expense

1,257

—

5,097

—

Add: Legal reserve and settlements

(2,886

)

—

(2,886

)

—

Non-GAAP income from operations

89,597

67,247

303,851

230,111

GAAP operating margin

(8.0

(7.5

(9.6

(9.3

Non-GAAP operating margin

14.6

14.0

13.8

CLOUDFLARE, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Reconciliation of interest expense:

GAAP interest expense

(2,887

)

(1,445

)

(8,766

)

(5,196

)

Add: Amortization of debt issuance costs

2,440

989

7,070

3,959

Non-GAAP interest expense

(447

)

(456

)

(1,696

)

(1,237

)

Reconciliation of provision for income taxes:

GAAP provision for income taxes

1,569

2,005

9,561

7,929

Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments

22,411

21,300

72,977

41,018

Non-GAAP provision for income taxes

23,980

23,305

82,538

48,947

Reconciliation of net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share:

GAAP net loss attributable to common stockholders

(12,077

)

(12,848

)

(102,267

)

(78,800

)

Add: Stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

132,351

98,422

489,938

356,423

Add: Amortization of acquired intangible assets

4,312

3,082

14,998

12,747

Add: Acquisition-related and other expenses

3,797

462

3,909

702

Add: One-time compensation charge

—

15,000

Add: Amortization of debt issuance costs

2,440

989

7,070

3,959

Add: Lease impairment charges

1,257

—

5,097

—

Add: Legal reserve and settlements

(2,886

)

—

(2,886

)

—

Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments

(22,411

)

(21,300

)

(72,977

)

(41,018

)

Non-GAAP net income

106,783

68,807

342,882

269,013

GAAP net loss per share, basic

(0.03

)

(0.04

)

(0.29

)

(0.23

)

GAAP net loss per share, diluted

(0.03

)

(0.04

)

(0.29

)

(0.23

)

Add: Stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes

0.38

0.29

1.41

1.04

Add: Amortization of acquired intangible assets

0.01

0.04

Add: Acquisition-related and other expenses

0.01

—

0.01

—

Add: One-time compensation charge

—

0.04

Add: Amortization of debt issuance costs

0.01

—

0.02

0.01

Add: Lease impairment charges

—

0.01

—

Add: Legal reserve and settlements

(0.01

)

—

(0.01

)

—

Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments

(0.06

)

(0.06

)

(0.21

)

(0.12

)

Effect of dilutive shares

(0.03

)

(0.01

)

(0.05

)

(0.03

)

Non-GAAP net income per share, diluted (1)

0.28

0.19

0.93

0.75

Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic

351,087

344,003

348,421

341,411

Weighted-average shares used in computing non-GAAP net income per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted

375,478

359,255

370,274

357,686

(1)

Totals may not sum due to rounding. Figures are calculated based upon the respective underlying non-rounded data.

CLOUDFLARE, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Free cash flow

Net cash provided by operating activities

190,411

127,308

603,114

380,429

Less: Purchases of property and equipment

(85,190

)

(73,153

)

(315,617

)

(185,037

)

Less: Capitalized internal-use software

(5,777

)

(6,401

)

(26,935

)

(28,477

)

Free cash flow

99,444

47,754

260,562

166,915

Net cash used in investing activities

(291,719

)

(167,032

)

(1,806,700

)

(330,224

)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

(3,827

)

8,032

2,003,729

12,785

Net cash provided by operating activities (percentage of revenue)

Less: Purchases of property and equipment (percentage of revenue)

(14

(16

(15

(11

Less: Capitalized internal-use software (percentage of revenue)

Free cash flow margin (1)

(1)

Totals may not sum due to rounding. Figures are calculated based upon the respective underlying non-rounded data.

Explanation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to our results determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP), we believe the following non-GAAP measures are useful in evaluating our operating performance. We use the following non-GAAP financial information to evaluate our ongoing operations and for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe that non-GAAP financial information, when taken collectively, may be helpful to investors because it provides consistency and comparability with past financial performance. However, non-GAAP financial information is presented for supplemental informational purposes only, has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for financial information presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In particular, free cash flow is not a substitute for cash provided by operating activities. Additionally, the utility of free cash flow as a measure of our liquidity is further limited as it does not represent the total increase or decrease in our cash balance for a given period. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate similarly-titled non-GAAP measures differently or may use other measures to evaluate their performance, all of which could reduce the usefulness of our non-GAAP financial measures as tools for comparison. A reconciliation is provided above for each non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable financial measure stated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Investors are encouraged to review the related U.S. GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

Items Excluded from Non-GAAP Measures. We exclude stock-based compensation expense, which is a non-cash expense, from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because we believe that excluding this item provides meaningful supplemental information regarding operational performance. We exclude employer payroll tax expenses related to stock-based compensation, which is a cash expense, from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because such expenses are dependent on the price of our Class A common stock and other factors that are beyond our control and do not correlate to the operation of our business. We exclude amortization of acquired intangible assets, which is a non-cash expense, related to business combinations from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because such expenses are related to business combinations and have no direct correlation to the operation of our business. We exclude acquisition-related and other expenses from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because such expenses are related to business combinations and have no direct correlation to the operation of our business. Acquisition-related and other expenses can be cash or non-cash expenses and include third-party transaction costs and compensation expense for key acquired personnel. We exclude lease impairment charges related to real estate leases, which is a non-cash expense, from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because they are not indicative of the Company’s ongoing cost structure and core business performance. We exclude amortization of debt issuance costs, which is a non-cash expense, from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because such expenses have no direct correlation to the operation of our business. We exclude legal reserve and settlements, which can be cash or non-cash expenses, from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because they are not indicative of the Company’s ongoing cost structure and core business performance. We also excluded the one-time cash compensation charge incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024 from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because it was not attributable to services provided and did not correlate to the ongoing operation of our business.

Non-GAAP Gross Profit and Non-GAAP Gross Margin. We define non-GAAP gross profit and non-GAAP gross margin as U.S. GAAP gross profit and U.S. GAAP gross margin, respectively, excluding stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes and amortization of acquired intangible assets.

Non-GAAP Income from Operations and Non-GAAP Operating Margin. We define non-GAAP income from operations and non-GAAP operating margin as U.S. GAAP loss from operations and U.S. GAAP operating margin, respectively, excluding stock-based compensation expense and its related employer payroll taxes, amortization of acquired intangible assets, acquisition-related and other expenses, lease impairment charges, and legal reserve and settlements.

Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP Net Income per Share, Diluted. We define non-GAAP net income as GAAP net loss adjusted for stock-based compensation expense and its related employer payroll taxes, amortization of acquired intangible assets, acquisition-related and other expenses, amortization of issuance costs, lease impairment charges, legal reserve and settlements, and a non-GAAP provision for (benefit from) income taxes. Generally, the difference between our GAAP and non-GAAP income tax expense (benefit) is primarily due to adjustments in stock-based compensation and related employer payroll taxes, amortization of acquired intangibles associated with business combinations, acquisition-related and other expenses, amortization of issuance costs, lease impairment charges, and legal reserve and settlements. We define non-GAAP net income per share, diluted, as non-GAAP net income divided by the weighted-average common shares outstanding, adjusted for dilutive potential shares that were assumed outstanding during period. Currently, potential dilutive effect mainly consists of employee equity incentive plans and convertible senior notes. We believe that excluding these items from non-GAAP net income per share, diluted, provides management and investors with greater visibility into the underlying performance of our core business operating results.

Free Cash Flow and Free Cash Flow Margin. Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that we calculate as net cash provided by operating activities less cash used for purchases of property and equipment and capitalized internal-use software. Free cash flow margin is calculated as free cash flow divided by revenue. We believe that free cash flow and free cash flow margin are useful indicators of liquidity that provide information to management and investors about the amount of cash generated from our operations that, after the investments in property and equipment and capitalized internal-use software, can be used for strategic initiatives, including investing in our business, and strengthening our financial position. We believe that historical and future trends in free cash flow and free cash flow margin, even if negative, provide useful information about the amount of cash generated by our operating activities that is available (or not available) to be used for strategic initiatives. For example, if free cash flow is negative, we may need to access cash reserves or other sources of capital to invest in strategic initiatives. One limitation of free cash flow and free cash flow margin is that they do not reflect our future contractual commitments. Additionally, free cash flow does not represent the total increase or decrease in our cash balance for a given period.