Form 8-K
8-K — NANOVIRICIDES, INC.
Accession: 0001104659-26-064544
Filed: 2026-05-20
Period: 2026-05-15
CIK: 0001379006
SIC: 2834 (PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS)
Item: Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
Item: Other Events
Item: Financial Statements and Exhibits
Documents
8-K — tm2615013d1_8k.htm (Primary)
EX-4.1 — EXHIBIT 4.1 (tm2615013d1_ex4-1.htm)
EX-4.2 — EXHIBIT 4.2 (tm2615013d1_ex4-2.htm)
EX-5.1 — EXHIBIT 5.1 (tm2615013d1_ex5-1.htm)
EX-10.1 — EXHIBIT 10.1 (tm2615013d1_ex10-1.htm)
EX-10.2 — EXHIBIT 10.2 (tm2615013d1_ex10-2.htm)
EX-10.3 — EXHIBIT 10.3 (tm2615013d1_ex10-3.htm)
EX-99.1 — EXHIBIT 99.1 (tm2615013d1_ex99-1.htm)
EX-99.2 — EXHIBIT 99.2 (tm2615013d1_ex99-2.htm)
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date
of report (Date of earliest event reported): May 15, 2026
NANOVIRICIDES, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware
001-36081
76-0674577
(State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation)
(Commission
File Number)
(IRS Employer
Identification No.)
1 Controls Drive
Shelton, Connecticut
06484
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(Zip Code)
(203) 937-6137
(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended
to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2.
below):
¨
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
¨
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
¨
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
¨
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name
of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock
NNVC
NYSE-American
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR
§230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR §240.12b-2).
Emerging growth company ¨
If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Item 1.01
Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.
Securities Purchase
Agreement
On
May 15, 2026, NanoViricides, Inc. (the “Company”) and a certain purchaser (the “Investor”) entered into a securities
purchase agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell and issue to the Investor
in a registered direct offering (the “Offering”): (i) 1,133,334 shares of common stock, par value $0.00001 per share (the
“Common Stock”), at an offering price of $1.50 per share, (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Common
Stock, at an offering price of $1.49999 per pre-funded warrant (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”), to purchasers whose purchase
of shares of Common Stock in the Offering would otherwise result in such purchaser, together with its affiliates and certain related parties,
beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or at the election of the purchaser, 9.99%) of our outstanding shares of Common Stock immediately
following the consummation of the Offering, and (iii) accompanying common warrants to purchase up to 1,333,334 shares of Common Stock
(the “Common Warrants”). Each Pre-Funded Warrant will be exercisable for one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of
$0.00001 per share, will be immediately exercisable upon issuance, and may be exercised at any time until exercised in full. Each Common
Warrant will be exercisable for one share of Common Stock (each a “Common Warrant Share”) at an exercise price of $1.75 per
share, will be exercisable six months from the date of issuance, may be exercised at any time until exercised in full, and will expire
three years from the date of issuance.
The
Offering was made pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-271706) that was filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on May 5, 2023 and declared effective by the SEC on May 23, 2023 and the prospectus supplement
filed with the SEC on May 18, 2026.
Pursuant
to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company has agreed for a period of 30 days after the Closing Date (as defined below) not to
issue, enter into any agreement to issue, or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock
equivalents, or file any registration statement or any amendment or supplement thereto, except for the filing of the Resale Registration
Statement (as defined below), a Form S-3 shelf registration statement in the amount of $50 million, which shall not be drawn down upon
during such period, or a Form S-8 registration statement covering the employee equity incentive plans . In addition, the Company agreed
to not conduct or effect any sales of Common Stock pursuant to the At The Market Offering Agreement for a period of 10 days following
the Closing Date (as defined below).
In addition, the Company agreed
that within thirty (30) days following the Closing Date, the Company shall prepare and file a registration statement (the “Resale
Registration Statement”) with the Securities and Exchange Commission covering the resale of the shares of Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of the Warrants, and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective
as promptly as practicable and to keep such registration statement continuously effective until the earlier of (i) the date all Common
Warrant Shares or (ii) the date all Common Warrant Shares may be sold without restriction pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended. The Company shall bear all expenses associated with the filing and maintenance of the Resale Registration Statement,
other than underwriting discounts, commissions, and legal fees of the holders.
The
Offering closed on May 18, 2026 (the “Closing Date”). The aggregate gross proceeds to the Company from the Offering were approximately
$2.0 million, before deducting the placement agent’s fee and offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company intends to use
the net proceeds from the Offering for working capital, capital expenditures, research and development expenditures, clinical trial expenditures,
as well as acquisitions and other strategic purposes.
Placement Agency
Agreement
In
connection with the Offering, the Company entered into a Placement Agency Agreement with D. Boral Capital LLC (the “Placement Agent”),
dated May 15, 2026, pursuant to which the Placement Agent acted as the exclusive placement agent for the Company in connection with the
Offering (the “Placement Agency Agreement”). Pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement, the Company agreed to pay the Placement
Agent a cash fee of 7.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from the Offering. In addition, the Company agreed to reimburse the Placement
Agent for up to $50,000 of its fees and expenses in connection with the Offering.
The
Placement Agency Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, and agreements by the Company, customary conditions to closing,
indemnification obligations of the Company, other obligations of the parties, and termination provisions.
Lock-Up Agreement
In
addition, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer entered into a lock-up agreement (the “Lock-Up Agreement”), which prohibits
him Company from offering for sale, pledging, announcing the intention to sell, selling, contracting to sell, granting any option, right
or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transferring or disposing of his shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable
or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock for a period of 30 days following the Closing Date.
The
foregoing description of each of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Common Warrant, the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Placement Agency
Agreement, and the Lock-Up Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text
of such documents or the forms of such documents, copies of which are attached hereto as Exhibits 4.1, 4.2, 10.1, 10.2, and 10.3, respectively.
A
copy of the legal opinion and consent of Lucosky Brookman LLP, counsel to the Company, relating to the legality of the issuance and sale
of the securities in the Offering is attached hereto as Exhibit 5.1.
Item 8.01
Other Events.
On
May 15, 2026, the Company issued a press release announcing the Offering. The press release is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current
Report on Form 8-K and incorporated into this Item 8.01 by reference.
On
May 18, 2026, the Company issued a press release announcing the closing of the Offering. The press release is attached as Exhibit 99.2
to this Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated into this Item 8.01 by reference.
Item 9.01
Financial Statements and Exhibits
(a)
Exhibits
Number
Description
4.1
Form of Pre-Funded Warrant
4.2
Form of Common Warrant
5.1
Legal Opinion of Lucosky Brookman LLP
10.1
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 15, 2026, by and between NanoViricides, Inc. and the certain purchaser thereto
10.2
Placement Agency Agreement, dated May 15, 2026, by and between NanoViricides, Inc. and D. Boral Capital LLC
10.3
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
99.1
Press Release dated May 15, 2026
99.2
Press Release dated May 18, 2026
104
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto
duly authorized.
NanoViricides, Inc.
Date: May 20, 2026
By:
/s/ Anil Diwan
Name:
Anil Diwan
Title:
President, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer
EX-4.1 — EXHIBIT 4.1
EX-4.1
Filename: tm2615013d1_ex4-1.htm · Sequence: 2
Exhibit 4.1
PRE-FUNDED COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
Nanoviricides,
INC.
Warrant Shares: 200,000
Initial Exercise Date: May 18, 2026
THIS PRE-FUNDED COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the
“Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, ___________ or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled,
upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof
(the “Initial Exercise Date”) until this Warrant is exercised in full (the “Termination Date”) but
not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from NanoViricides, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), up
to 200,000 shares (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”) of Common Stock. The purchase price of
one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b).
Section 1. Definitions. Capitalized
terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase
Agreement”), dated May 15, 2026, among the Company and the purchasers signatory thereto.
Section 2. Exercise.
a) Exercise of Warrant. Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any
time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company of a duly executed
PDF copy submitted by e-mail (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A (the “Notice
of Exercise”). Within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement
Period (as defined in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise
Price for the Warrant Shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United
States bank unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise.
No ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of
any Notice of Exercise be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender
this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised
in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days following
the date on which the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of
a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant
Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall
maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection
to any Notice of Exercise within one (1) Trading Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant,
acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder,
the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
For the avoidance of doubt, there is no circumstance that would require the Company to net cash settle this Warrant.
1
b) Exercise Price. The aggregate exercise price of this Warrant, except for a nominal exercise price of $0.00001 per Warrant
Share, was pre-funded to the Company on or prior to the Initial Exercise Date and, consequently, no additional consideration (other than
the nominal exercise price of $0.00001 per Warrant Share) shall be required to be paid by the Holder to any Person to effect any exercise
of this Warrant. The Holder shall not be entitled to the return or refund of all, or any portion, of such pre-paid aggregate exercise
price under any circumstance or for any reason whatsoever, including in the event this Warrant shall not have been exercised prior to
the Termination Date. The remaining unpaid exercise price per share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $0.00001, subject to adjustment
hereunder (the “Exercise Price”).
c) Cashless Exercise. This Warrant may also be exercised, in whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise”
in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by
(A), where:
(A) = as applicable: (i) the VWAP
on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is (1) both executed
and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section
2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b) of Regulation NMS
promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) at the option of the Holder, either (y) the VWAP on the Trading
Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise or (z) the Bid Price of the Common Stock on the principal Trading
Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable
Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered
within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day)
pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or (iii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise
is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof after the close of “regular
trading hours” on such Trading Day;
(B) = the Exercise Price of this Warrant,
as adjusted hereunder; and
2
(X) = the number of Warrant Shares
that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a
cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.
If
Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the
Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. The Company
agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
“Bid Price”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or
quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading
Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City
time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if the OTCQB Venture Market (“OTCQB”) or the OTCQX Best Market
(“OTCQX”) is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest
preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and
if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on The Pink Open Market (the “Pink Market”) operated by the OTC Markets,
Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the
Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent
appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable
to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or
quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m.
(New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if the OTCQB or the OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not
then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Market (or a similar
organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported,
or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in
good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees
and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
3
d) Mechanics of Exercise.
i. Delivery of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted
by the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository
Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in
such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of
the Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery of a
certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares
to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date
that is the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (ii) the number of Trading
Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant
Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have
become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of delivery
of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received
within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following
delivery of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice
of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty,
for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable Notice
of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the third (3rd) Trading Day after the Warrant Share
Delivery Date) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds
such exercise. The Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains
outstanding and exercisable. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed
in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of
delivery of the Notice of Exercise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Notice(s) of Exercise delivered on or prior to
12:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Initial Exercise Date, which may be delivered at any time after the time of execution of the Purchase
Agreement, the Company agrees to deliver the Warrant Shares subject to such notice(s) by 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Initial
Exercise Date and the Initial Exercise Date shall be the Warrant Share Delivery Date for purposes hereunder, provided that payment of
the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received by such Warrant Share Delivery Date.
4
ii. Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request
of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new
Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall
in all other respects be identical with this Warrant.
iii. Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant
to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.
iv. Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available
to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions
of Section 2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required
by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares
of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such
exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s
total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained
by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise
at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the
Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in
which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been
issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases Common
Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with
an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the
Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable
to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit
a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree
of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock
upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
5
v. No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise
of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company
shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied
by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
vi. Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer
tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the
Company, and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder;
provided, however, that, in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder,
this Warrant when surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form, attached hereto as Exhibit B, duly executed
by the Holder and the Company may require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax
incidental thereto. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees
to the Depository Trust Company (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic
delivery of the Warrant Shares.
vii. Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise
of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
6
e) Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “Attribution Parties”)), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within one (1) Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon notice to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
7
Section 3. Certain Adjustments.
a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or
otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable
in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise
of this Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way
of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares
of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction
of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before
such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the
number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this
Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record
date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after
the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
b) Reserved.
c) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants,
issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record
holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire,
upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had
held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise
hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for
the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares
of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that, to the
extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership
Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such
shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance
for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
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d) Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend
or other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital
or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend,
spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”),
at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution
to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable
upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the
date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided,
however, that, to the extent that the Holder's right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding
the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the
beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution
shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder
exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
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e) Fundamental Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in
one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company or any
Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or
substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer
or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell,
tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding
Common Stock or 50% or more of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one
or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share
exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, or (v)
the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business
combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with another
Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires 50% or more of the outstanding shares of Common Stock or 50% or
more of the voting power of the common equity of the Company (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent
exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise
immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without regard to any limitation in
Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the
Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable
as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable
immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant).
“Material Subsidiary” shall mean any subsidiary of the Company that is material to the business and operations of the
Company as described in the SEC Reports, which, for the avoidance of doubt, as of the current date, is [______]. For purposes of any such
exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the
amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall
apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components
of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received
in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise
of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which
the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company
under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(e) pursuant to written agreements
in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental
Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity
evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding
number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable
and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental
Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account
the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock,
such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant
immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to
the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall be added to the term “Company”
under this Warrant (so that from and after the occurrence or consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, each and every provision of
this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to each of the Company and
the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally), and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally
with the Company, may exercise every right and power of the Company prior thereto and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities shall
assume all of the obligations of the Company prior thereto under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect
as if the Company and such Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally, had been named as the Company herein. For the
avoidance of doubt, the Holder shall be entitled to the benefits of the provisions of this Section 3(e) regardless of (i) whether the
Company has sufficient authorized shares of Common Stock for the issuance of Warrant Shares and/or (ii) whether a Fundamental Transaction
occurs prior to the Initial Exercise Date.
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f) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share,
as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given
date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
g) Notice to Holder.
i. Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company
shall promptly deliver to the Holder by email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment
to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
ii. Notice to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form)
on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the
Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of
capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with
any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company (or any of its Subsidiaries) is a party, any
sale or transfer of all or substantially all of its assets, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into
other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding
up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by email to the Holder at its last email
address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective
date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution,
redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be
entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification,
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected
that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other
property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to
deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to
be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided in this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information
regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a
Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such
notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
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Section 4. Transfer of Warrant.
a) Transferability . This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are
transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together
with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney
and funds sufficient to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment,
the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination
or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this
Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall
not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case,
the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment
form to the Company assigning this Warrant in full. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new
holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
b) New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office
of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by
the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division
or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided
or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of
this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
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c) Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose
(the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat
the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder,
and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
Section 5. Miscellaneous.
a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights,
dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly
set forth in Section 3. Without limiting any rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise” pursuant
to Section 2(c) or to receive cash payments pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) and Section 2(d)(iv) herein, in no event shall the Company be
required to net cash settle an exercise of this Warrant.
b) Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably
satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares,
and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant,
shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the
Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant
or stock certificate.
c) Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right
required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding
Trading Day.
d) Authorized Shares.
The Company covenants that, during the period
the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for
the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company further covenants that its
issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with the duty of issuing the necessary Warrant
Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all such reasonable action as may be necessary
to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements
of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon
the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant
and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free
from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof (other than taxes in respect of any transfer
occurring contemporaneously with such issue).
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Except and to the extent as waived or consented
to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its certificate of incorporation or through
any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action,
avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in
the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder
as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the
par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value,
(ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable
Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions
or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations
under this Warrant.
Before taking any action which would result
in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain
all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having
jurisdiction thereof.
e) Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall
be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
f) Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered,
and the Holder does not utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
g) Nonwaiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder
shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other
provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this
Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient
to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings,
incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
14
h) Notices. Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company
shall be delivered in accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
i) Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant
to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the
Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company
or by creditors of the Company.
j) Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages,
will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate
compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to
assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
k) Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby
shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted
assigns of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and
shall be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.
l) Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company,
on the one hand, and the Holder of this Warrant, on the other hand.
m) Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and
valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision
shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining
provisions of this Warrant.
n) Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be
deemed a part of this Warrant.
********************
(Signature Page Follows)
15
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused
this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
nanoviricides, INC.
By
Name:
Anil R. Diwan
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
16
EXHIBIT A
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
To: nanoviricides, INC.
(1)
The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant
(only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes,
if any.
(2)
Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
[ ] in lawful money of the United States; or
[ ] the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as
is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number
of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3)
Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account
Number:
[SIGNATURE OF HOLDER]
Name of Investing Entity:
Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity:
Name of Authorized Signatory:
Title of Authorized Signatory:
Date:
EXHIBIT B
ASSIGNMENT FORM
(To assign the foregoing
Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to exercise the Warrant to purchase shares.)
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing
Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
Name:
______________________________________
(Please Print)
Address:
______________________________________
Phone Number:
Email Address:
(Please Print)
______________________________________
______________________________________
Dated: _______________ __, ______
Holder’s Signature:
Holder’s Address:
EX-4.2 — EXHIBIT 4.2
EX-4.2
Filename: tm2615013d1_ex4-2.htm · Sequence: 3
Exhibit 4.2
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH
THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE
IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND,
ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO
AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE
WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION
WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
Nanoviricides,
INC.
Warrant Shares: 1,333,334
Issue Date: May 18, 2026
Initial Exercise Date: November 18, 2026
THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
(this “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, __________ or its assigns (the “Holder”) is
entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after
the Initial Exercise Date (the “Exercise Date”) and on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York, New York time) on May 18, 2029
(the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from NanoViricides, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), up to 1,333,334 shares (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”)
of the Company’s Common Stock (as defined below). The purchase price of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal
to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b).
Section 1. Definitions.
In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Warrant, the following terms have the meanings indicated in this Section 1 or in that
certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated as of May 15, 2026, among the Company and the
purchasers signatory thereto:
“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Business
Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or other day
on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.
“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.00001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company,
joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Rule 144”
means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time,
or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company required to be listed pursuant to Item 601(b)(21) of Regulation S-K.
“Trading
Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, The Nasdaq Capital Market, The Nasdaq Global Market, The Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock
Exchange, OTCQB or OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transfer
Agent” means Equiniti Trust Company, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 1110 Centre Pointe
Curve, Suite 101, Mendota Heights, MN 55120 and a phone number of (651) 306-2920 , and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
Section 2. Exercise.
a) Exercise of
Warrant. Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or
after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company of a duly executed PDF copy submitted
by e-mail (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A (the “Notice of Exercise”).
Within the earlier of (i) first (1st) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined
in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the
Warrant Shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank
unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. No ink-original
Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of
Exercise be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant
to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full,
in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which
the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the
total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable
hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing
the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise
within one (1) Trading Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and agree
that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of
Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
b) Exercise Price.
The exercise price per share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $1.75, subject to adjustment hereunder (the “Exercise
Price”).
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c) Cashless Exercise.
If at any time after the six month anniversary of the Issue Date, there is no effective registration statement registering or the prospectus
contained therein is not available for the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder, then this Warrant may also be exercised, in whole
or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant
Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by (A), where:
(A)
= as applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) the Bid Price of the Common Stock on the principal Trading Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or (iii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day;
(B)
the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and
(X) = the number of Warrant Shares
that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a
cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.
“VWAP” means, for
any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on
a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading
Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York,
New York time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York, New York time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price
of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then
listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on The Pink Open Market (or a similar
organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported,
or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good
faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and
expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
If Warrant Shares
are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties hereto acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities
Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the characteristics of the Warrants being exercised, and the holding period of the Warrant Shares
being issued may be tacked on to the holding period of this Warrant. The Company agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section
2(c).
d) Mechanics
of Exercise.
i. Delivery of
Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by the Transfer Agent
to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust Company
through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system
and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant
Shares by the Holder or (B) the Warrant Shares are eligible for resale by the Holder without volume or manner-of-sale limitations pursuant
to Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants), and otherwise by physical delivery of a certificate or book-entry statement,
registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares to which
the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is
the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (ii) the number of Trading Days
comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant
Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have
become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of delivery
of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received
by the Warrant Share Delivery Date. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice
of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty,
for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable Notice
of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the third Trading Day after the Warrant Share Delivery Date) for
each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise. The
Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding and
exercisable. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number
of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of
the Notice of Exercise.
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ii. Delivery
of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and
upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing
the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects
be identical with this Warrant.
iii. Rescission
Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i)
by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise; provided, however, that the Holder shall
be required to return any Warrant Shares subject to any such rescinded exercise notice concurrently with the return to Holder of the aggregate
Exercise Price paid to the Company for such Warrant Shares and the restoration of Holder’s right to acquire such Warrant Shares
pursuant to this Warrant (including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).
iv. Compensation
for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if
the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section
2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its
broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common
Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise
(a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s
total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained
by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise
at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the
Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in
which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been
issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases Common
Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with
an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the
Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable
to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit
a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree
of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock
upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
5
v. No Fractional
Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. As
to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election,
either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or
round up to the next whole share.
vi. Charges,
Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental
expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such Warrant
Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided, however,
that in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when surrendered for
exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto, duly executed by the Holder and the Company may require, as a condition
thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent
fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company (or another established clearing
corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.
vii. Closing
of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant,
pursuant to the terms hereof.
e) Holder’s
Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise
any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise
as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting
as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “Attribution Parties”)),
would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the
number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number
of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude
the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant
beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or
nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject
to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its
Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership
shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being
acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d)
of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent
that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other
securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable
shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination
of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution
Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company
shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status
as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the
number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with
the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company
or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the
Company shall within one (1) Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding.
In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of
securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date as of which such
number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of
the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of this Warrant. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
6
f) Issuance Limitation.
The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant. Notwithstanding the foregoing and for avoidance
of doubt, to comply with the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, the Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder
shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, to the to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after
exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise such Holder or any of its affiliates would beneficially own in excess of 19.99%
of the Common Stock or such lesser percentage required by The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC without first obtaining stockholder approval in
accordance with the listing rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.
Section 3.
Certain Adjustments.
a) Stock Dividends
and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution
or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which,
for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant), (ii) subdivides
outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding
shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of
capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the
number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator
shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise
of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment
made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled
to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision,
combination or re-classification.
b) Reserved.
c) Subsequent
Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells
any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any
class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms
applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number
of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including
without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance
or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are
to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that to the extent that the Holder’s
right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder
shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as
a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until
such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
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d) Pro Rata Distributions.
During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets
(or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation,
any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement,
scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Warrant,
then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have
participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without
regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the
date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares
of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, that to the extent that
the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation,
then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any shares
of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the
benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership
Limitation). To the extent that this Warrant has not been partially or completely exercised at the time of such Distribution, such portion
of the Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until the Holder has exercised this Warrant.
e) Fundamental Transaction.
If, at any time while the Warrants are outstanding:
1) the Company, directly
or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another person;
2) the Company, directly
or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of
its assets in one or a series of related transactions;
3) any direct or
indirect purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another person) is completed pursuant to which holders
of shares of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted
by the holders of 50% or more of the Company’s shares of Common Stock or 50% or more of the total voting power of the Company’s
shares of Common Stock;
4) the Company, directly
or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of shares of Common
Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the shares of Common Stock are effectively converted into or exchanged for other
securities, cash or property; or
8
5) the Company,
directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination
(including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another person or group of
persons whereby such other person or group acquires 50% or more of the Company’s shares of Common Stock or 50% or more of the total
voting power of the Company’s shares of Common Stock (each a “Fundamental Transaction”);
then, upon any subsequent exercise of
a Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each share of Common Stock that would have been issuable upon such exercise
immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder, the number of shares of capital stock
of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, or depositary shares representing those
shares, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental
Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental
Transaction (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate
Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction
and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value
of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash
or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration
it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction.
The Company shall cause any successor
entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”), to assume in
writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(e) pursuant to written
agreements in form reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental
Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to such Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity
evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant that is exercisable for a corresponding
number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable
and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental
Transaction and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account
the relative value of the shares of Common Stock prior to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock,
such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value this Warrant had
immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction). Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor
Entity shall be added to the term “Company” under this Warrant (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction,
the provisions of this Warrant referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to each of the Company and the Successor Entity
or Successor Entities, jointly and severally with the Company), and may exercise every right and power of the Company prior thereto and
the Successor Entity or Successor Entities shall assume all of the obligations of the Company prior thereto under this Warrant with the
same effect as if the Company and such Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally, had been named as the Company herein.
f) Calculations.
All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes
of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the
number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding. For the avoidance of doubt, the Holder shall
be entitled to the benefits of the provisions of this Section 3(e) regardless of (i) whether the Company has sufficient authorized shares
of Common Stock for the issuance of Warrant Shares and/or (ii) whether a Fundamental Transaction occurs prior to the Exercise Date.
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g) Notice to
Holder.
i. Adjustment
to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly
deliver to the Holder by email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number
of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
ii. Notice to
Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock,
(B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize
the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class
or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the
Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets
of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property, or (E)
the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in
each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by email to the Holder at its last email address as it shall appear upon the Warrant
Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating
(x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a
record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions,
redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer
or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of
record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification,
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in
the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that
any notice provided in this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries,
the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain
entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering
such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
h) Voluntary
Adjustment by Company. Subject to the rules and regulations of the Trading Market, the Company may at any time during the term of
this Warrant, reduce the then current Exercise Price to any amount and for any period of time deemed appropriate by the board of directors
of the Company.
Section 4. Transfer
of Warrant.
a) Transferability.
Subject to compliance with any applicable securities laws and the conditions set forth in Section 4(d) hereof and to the provisions of
the Purchase Agreement, this Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable,
in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written
assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient
to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall
execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations
specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so
assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required
to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall
surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment form to the
Company assigning this Warrant in full. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for
the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
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b) New Warrants.
This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together
with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent
or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company
shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with
such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the Issue Date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this
Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
c) Warrant Register.
The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”),
in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the
absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual
notice to the contrary.
d) Transfer Restrictions.
If, at the time of the surrender of this Warrant in connection with any transfer of this Warrant, the transfer of this Warrant shall not
be either (i) registered pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act and under applicable state securities
or blue sky laws or (ii) eligible for resale without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or current public information requirements
pursuant to Rule 144, the Company may require, as a condition of allowing such transfer, that the Holder or transferee of this Warrant,
as the case may be, comply with the provisions of Section 5.7 of the Purchase Agreement.
e) Representation
by the Holder. The Holder, by the acceptance hereof, represents and warrants that it is acquiring this Warrant and, upon any exercise
hereof, will acquire the Warrant Shares issuable upon such exercise, for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or
reselling such Warrant Shares or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, except pursuant
to sales registered or exempted under the Securities Act.
Section 5. Miscellaneous.
a) No Rights
as Stockholder Until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or
other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly set forth
in Section 3. Without limiting the rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise,” and to receive the
cash payments contemplated pursuant to Sections 2(d)(i) and 2(d)(iv), in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle an exercise
of this Warrant.
b) Loss, Theft,
Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to
it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case
of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant, shall not include
the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make
and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate.
11
c) Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted
herein shall not be a Trading Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
d) Authorized
Shares.
The Company covenants
that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a sufficient number
of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company further
covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with the duty of issuing the
necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all such reasonable action
as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation,
or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares
which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise of the purchase rights represented
by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable
(which means that no further sums are required to be paid by the holders thereof in connection with the issue thereof) and free from all
taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof (other than taxes in respect of any transfer occurring
contemporaneously with such issue).
Except and to the
extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its articles
of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or
any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all
times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate
to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the
Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior
to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and
legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts
to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary
to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before taking any
action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price,
the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory
body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
e) Jurisdiction.
All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance
with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
f) Restrictions.
The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered, and the Holder does not
utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
g) Non-waiver
and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall operate as
a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies, notwithstanding the fact that the right to
exercise this Warrant terminates on the Termination Date. No provision of this Warrant shall be construed as a waiver by the Holder of
any rights which the Holder may have under the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Without
limiting any other provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any
provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall
be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate
proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers
or remedies hereunder.
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h) Notices.
Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in
accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
i) Limitation
of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant
Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase
price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the
Company.
j) Remedies.
The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific
performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss
incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any
action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
k) Successors
and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the
benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder.
The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable
by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.
l) Amendment.
This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company, on the one hand, and
the Holder of this Warrant, on the other hand.
m) Severability.
Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law,
but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the
extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.
n) Headings.
The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.
o) Piggy Back
Registration Rights. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, there is not an effective registration statement covering
all of the Warrant Shares and the Company shall determine to prepare and file with the Commission a registration statement relating to
an offering for its own account or the account of others under the Securities Act of any of its equity securities, other than on Form
S-4 or Form S-8 (each as promulgated under the Securities Act) or their then equivalents relating to equity securities to be issued solely
in connection with any acquisition of any entity or business or equity securities issuable in connection with the Company’s stock
option or other employee benefit plans, then the Company shall deliver to the Holder a written notice of such determination and, if within
fifteen days after the date of the delivery of such notice, Holder shall so request in writing, the Company shall include in such registration
statement all or any part of such Warrant Shares that the Holder requests to be registered.
(Signature Page Follows)
13
[SIGNATURE PAGE TO COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company
has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
NANOVIRICIDES, INC.
By:
Name:
Anil R. Diwan
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
EXHIBIT A
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
TO: nanoviricides, iNC.
(1) The undersigned hereby elects
to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant dated [*], 2026 (only if exercised in
full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2) Payment shall take the form
of (check applicable box):
¨
in lawful money of the United States, payable to the Company; or
¨
if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in
subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless
exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3) Please issue said Warrant
Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account
Number:
(4) Accredited Investor.
The undersigned is an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
[SIGNATURE OF HOLDER]
Name of Investing Entity:
Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity:
Name of Authorized Signatory:
Title of Authorized Signatory:
Date:
EXHIBIT B
ASSIGNMENT FORM
(To assign the foregoing
Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to exercise the Warrant to purchase shares.)
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing
Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
Name:
(Please Print)
Address:
(Please Print)
Phone Number:
Email Address:
Dated: _______________ __, ______
Holder’s Signature:
Holder’s Address:
EX-5.1 — EXHIBIT 5.1
EX-5.1
Filename: tm2615013d1_ex5-1.htm · Sequence: 4
Exhibit 5.1
May 18, 2026
NanoViricides, Inc.
1 Controls Drive
Shelton, CT 06484.
Re: NanoViricides
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Please be advised that this
firm is counsel to NanoViricides, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). We have been requested to furnish you
our opinion with respect to the issuance of (i) 1,133,334 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock,
par value $0.00001 per share (the “Common Stock”), (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Common
Stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”), and (iii) the shares of Common Stock underlying the exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants
(the “Pre-Funded Warrant Shares,” and collectively with the Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants, the “Offered Securities”)
currently registered pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3 originally filed on May 5, 2023 (File No. 333-271706), (the “Registration
Statement”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended (the “Securities Act”), for the registration of shares of Common Stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants
to purchase Common Stock, and/or units comprised of any combination of the foregoing on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule
415 of the Securities Act.
The Offered Securities are
to be issued by the Company to a certain investor pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement dated May 15, 2026.
For purposes of this letter,
we have examined the representations set forth in the Registration Statement, the Agreement, and the prospectus supplement dated May 18,
2026 (the “Prospectus Supplement”) relating to the issue and sale of the Offered Securities.
In our capacity as counsel
to the Company in connection with the matters referred to above, we have also examined copies of the following: (i) the Certificate of
Incorporation of the Company, the By-laws of the Company, and records of certain of the Company’s corporate proceedings as reflected
in its minute books; (ii) the Registration Statement, in the form filed with the Commission through the date hereof; (iii) the Prospectus
Supplement; and (iv) we have also examined such other documents and records, instruments and certificates of public officials, officers
and representatives of the Company, and have made such other investigations as we have deemed necessary or appropriate under the circumstances.
In our examination, we have
assumed the legal capacity of all natural persons, the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us
as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies, and the authenticity
of the originals of such documents. As to certain facts material to this opinion, we have relied upon oral or written statements and representations
of officers and other representatives of the Company and public officials, and such other documents and information as we have deemed
necessary or appropriate to enable us to render the opinions expressed below. We have not undertaken any independent investigation to
determine the accuracy of any such facts.
Based upon, assuming and subject
to the validity of the information provided to us and the representations set forth in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus Supplement
and the Agreement (and in this regard we have assumed that such information and representations given or dated earlier than this opinion
letter have remained accurate from such earlier date to the date of this opinion letter), it is our opinion that (i) the Offered Securities
proposed to be sold by the Company, when duly sold, issued and paid for pursuant to, and in the manner contemplated by the Agreement and
the Prospectus Supplement included as part of the Registration Statement, will be, assuming due payment for the Offered Securities, duly
authorized, validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable and (ii) that the Offered Securities when issued in accordance with the Registration
Statement may be issued without a restrictive legend.
NanoViricides, Inc.
May 18, 2026
Page 2
This opinion letter is limited
to the specific legal matters expressly set forth herein and is limited to present statutes, regulations and administrative and judicial
interpretations as of the date hereof. We assume no obligation to revise or supplement this opinion in the event of future changes in
such laws or regulations.
This opinion is rendered solely
for your benefit and may not be relied upon by any person or entity other than the addressee hereof. Without our prior written consent,
except in a legal proceeding regarding the contents hereof, this opinion may not be quoted in whole or in part or otherwise referred to
in any report or document furnished to any person or entity. This opinion is limited to the matters expressly set forth herein, and no
opinion is to be implied or may be inferred beyond the matters expressly so stated. We disclaim any requirement to update this opinion
subsequent to the date hereof or to advise you of any change in any matter set forth herein.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Lucosky Brookman LLP
Lucosky Brookman LLP
EX-10.1 — EXHIBIT 10.1
EX-10.1
Filename: tm2615013d1_ex10-1.htm · Sequence: 5
Exhibit 10.1
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase
Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of May 15, 2026, between NanoViricides, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and
assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS, subject to
the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act (as
defined below) as to the Shares (as defined below), the Warrants (as defined below) the Pre-Funded Warrants (as defined below) and the
Warrant Shares (as defined below), the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly,
desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IN
CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy
of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS
1.1 Definitions. In addition to
the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in
this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring Person” shall have
the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.5.
“Action” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).
“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Board of Directors” means the
board of directors of the Company.
“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally
are open for use by customers on such day.
“Closing” means the closing of the purchase
and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing
Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties
thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s
obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the first (1st) Trading
Day following the date hereof.
“Commission” means the United States Securities
and Exchange Commission.
“Common Stock” means
the common stock of the Company, par value $0.00001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter
be reclassified or changed.
“Common Stock
Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at
any time shares of Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other
instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to
receive, Common Stock.
“Company
Counsel” means Lucosky Brookman LLP, with offices located at 101 Wood Avenue South, 5th Foor, Woodbridge, New Jersey
08830.
“Disclosure
Schedules” means the Disclosure Schedules of the Company delivered concurrently herewith.
“Disclosure
Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City
time) and before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately
following the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent, and (ii) if this Agreement is
signed between midnight (New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New
York City time) on the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent.
“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).
“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt
Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options or other equity awards to employees, officers, consultants,
or directors of the Company pursuant to any share or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members
of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services
rendered to the Company, provided that, with respect to any issuance to consultants, such shares or equity awards shall be issued as “restricted
securities” (as defined in Rule 144) and shall carry no registration rights that require the filing of any registration statement
in connection therewith during the standstill period set forth in Section 4.12(a), (b) securities issued upon the exercise or
exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into
Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date
of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such
securities or to extend the term of such securities (in each case, other than in connection with stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations,
reorganizations, reclassifications, combinations, reverse stock splits or other similar events occurring after the date hereof); provided,
further, that it is understood that such securities will not be deemed to have been amended if the terms of such securities are automatically
changed in accordance with their terms as such terms exist on the date of this Agreement, such as a decrease in their exercise price due
to an anti-dilution provision, and (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority
of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities”
(as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection
therewith during the prohibition period in Section 4.12(a) herein and provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person
(or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a
business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment
of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital
or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities.
“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt
Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
“GAAP” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
“Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 3.1(aa).
“Intellectual Property Rights” shall have
the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).
“Liens” means a lien,
charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
2
“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).
“Material Permits” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).
“Per Share
Purchase Price” equals $1.50, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations
and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date.
“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company,
joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Placement Agent” means D. Boral Capital
LLC.
“Placement Agency Agreement”
means the placement agency agreement entered into, by and between the Company and the Placement Agent.
“Pre-Funded
Warrants” means, collectively, the Pre-Funded Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance
with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Pre-Funded Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and shall expire when exercised in full,
in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Proceeding”
means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding,
such as a deposition), whether commenced or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened.
“Prospectus”
means the final base prospectus filed for the Registration Statement, including all information, documents and exhibits filed with or
incorporated by reference into such prospectus.
“Prospectus
Supplement” means the supplement to the Prospectus complying with Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act that is filed
with the Commission and delivered by the Company to each Purchaser at the Closing.
“Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 4.8.
“Registration
Statement” means the effective registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the Commission (File No. 333-271706)
pursuant to Rule 462(b) which registers the issuance and sale of the Shares, the Warrants, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the
Warrant Shares to the Purchasers.
“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).
“Rule 144”
means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from
time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect
as such Rule.
3
“Rule 424”
means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from
time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect
as such Rule.
“SEC Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 3.1(h).
“Securities” means the Shares, the Warrants,
the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares.
“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares”
means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement but excluding the Warrant Shares.
“Short
Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not
be deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock).
“Subscription
Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for Shares, the Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants, as
the case may be, purchased hereunder as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next
to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds, (excluding for the avoidance
of doubt, if applicable, a Purchaser’s aggregate exercise price of the Pre-Funded Warrants, which amounts shall be paid as and when
such Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised for cash).
“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act and listed in Exhibit 21.1 to the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect
subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof
“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal
Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock
Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement, the Warrants, the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Placement Agency Agreement, and all exhibits and
schedules and side letters thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated
hereunder.
“Transfer
Agent” means Equini, with an address of 1110 Centre Pointe Curve, Suite 101, Mendota Heights, MN 55120, and its telephone
number is 651-306-2920 , the current transfer agent of the Company and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Variable
Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible
into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion
price, exercise price or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the
Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange
price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence
of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or
(ii) enters into, or effects a transaction under, any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit whereby
the Company may issue securities
at a future determined price regardless
of whether shares pursuant to such agreement have actually been issued and regardless of whether such agreement is subsequently canceled.
Any Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in
addition to any right to collect damages.
“Warrants”
means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof,
in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.
“Warrant Shares” means
the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants.
4
ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND SALE
2.1 Closing.
On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery
of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not jointly, agree to purchase,
up to an aggregate of $2 million of Shares, Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants; provided, however, that, to the extent that
a Purchaser determines, in its sole discretion, that such Purchaser (together with such Purchaser’s Affiliates, and any Person acting
as a group together with such Purchaser or any of such Purchaser’s Affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation, or as such Purchaser may otherwise choose, in lieu of purchasing Shares such Purchaser may elect to purchase Pre-Funded
Warrants in lieu of Shares in such manner to result in the same aggregate purchase price being paid by such Purchaser to the Company.
The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% (or, at the election of the Purchaser at Closing, 9.99%) of the number
of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the Securities on the Closing Date. In each case,
the election to receive Pre-Funded Warrants is solely at the option of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set
forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser shall be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment” settlement
with the Placement Agent. The Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants as determined pursuant
to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at
the Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall take place remotely
by electronic transfer of the Closing documentation. Unless otherwise directed by the Placement Agent, settlement of the Shares shall
occur via “Delivery Versus Payment” (“DVP”) (i.e., on the Closing Date, the Company shall issue the Shares
registered in the Purchasers’ names and addresses and released by the Transfer Agent directly to the account(s) at the Placement
Agent identified by each Purchaser; upon receipt of such Shares, the Placement Agent shall promptly electronically deliver such Shares
to the applicable Purchaser, and payment therefor shall be made by the Escrow Agent by wire transfer to the Company). Notwithstanding
anything herein to the contrary, if at any time on or after the time of execution of this Agreement by the Company and an applicable Purchaser
through the Closing (the “Pre-Settlement Period”), such Purchaser sells to any Person all, or any portion, of any Shares to
be issued hereunder to such Purchaser at the Closing (collectively, the “Pre-Settlement Shares”), such Person shall, automatically
hereunder (without any additional required actions by such Purchaser or the Company), be deemed to be a Purchaser under this Agreement
unconditionally bound to purchase, and the Company shall be deemed unconditionally bound to sell, such Pre-Settlement Shares to such Person
at the Closing; provided, that the Company shall not be required to deliver any Pre-Settlement Shares to such Purchaser prior to the Company’s
receipt of the Subscription Amount for such Pre-Settlement Shares hereunder; provided, further, that the Company hereby acknowledges and
agrees that the foregoing shall not constitute a representation or covenant by such Purchaser as to whether or not such Purchaser will
elect to sell any Pre-Settlement Shares during the Pre-Settlement Period. The decision to sell any Shares will be made in the sole discretion
of such Purchaser from time to time, including during the Pre-Settlement Period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Notice(s) of
Exercise (as defined in the Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants) delivered on or prior to 12:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Closing
Date, which may be delivered at any time after the time of execution of this Agreement, the Company agrees to deliver the Warrant Shares
subject to such notice(s) by 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Closing Date and the Closing Date shall be the Warrant Share
Delivery Date (as defined in the Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants) for purposes hereunder.
2.2 Deliveries.
(a) On
or prior to the Closing Date (except as indicated below), the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii)
a legal opinion of Company Counsel, directed to the Purchasers, substantially in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the
Placement Agent and each Purchaser;
5
(iii)
a certificate evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company issued by the Secretary of State of Delaware as of the
pricing date and the Closing Date.
(iv) a
certificate, in the form acceptable to the Placement Agent, executed by the Secretary of the Company and dated as of the Closing Date,
certifying the authenticity of (i) resolutions of the Company’s board of directors approving the transactions contemplated
hereby and the execution of the Transaction Documents, in a form reasonably acceptable to the Placement Agent, (ii) the currently
effective amended and restated articles of incorporation, each as in effect at the Closing and attached to such certificate.
(v) a
certificate, in the form acceptable to the Placement Agent, executed by the Chief Financial Officer of the Company and dated as of the
Closing Date;
(vi) a
certificate, in the form acceptable to the Placement Agent, executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and dated as of the
Closing Date;
(vii) subject
to the fifth sentence of Section 2.1, the Company shall have provided each Purchaser with the Company’s wire instructions,
on Company letterhead and executed by the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer;
(viii) subject
to the fifth sentence of Section 2.1, a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent
to deliver Shares equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Per Share Purchase Price (minus the number of shares
of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such Purchaser’s Pre-Funded Warrants, if applicable), registered in the name of such Purchaser
to be held in an account established with the Transfer Agent;
(ix) for
each Purchaser of Warrants pursuant to Section 2.1, a Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number
of shares of Common Stock equal to the portion of such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount applicable to Pre-Funded Warrant divided
by the Per Share Purchase Price;
(x) if
applicable, for each Purchaser of Pre-Funded Warrants pursuant to Section 2.1, a Pre-Funded Warrant registered in the name of such
Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the portion of such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount applicable
to Pre-Funded Warrant divided by the Per Share Purchase Price minus $0.00001, with an exercise price per share equal to $0.00001, subject
to adjustment therein; and
(xi) the
Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement (which may be delivered in accordance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).
(b) On
or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company, the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and
(ii) such
Purchaser’s Subscription Amount (minus, if applicable, a Purchaser’s aggregate exercise price of the Pre-Funded Warrants,
which amounts shall be paid as and when such Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised for cash), which shall be made available for DVP settlement
with the Company or its designee.
2.3 Closing Conditions.
(a) The
obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse
Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein
(unless such representation or warranty is as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate in all material
respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects)
as of such date);
6
(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
and
(iii) the
delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
(b) The
respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect,
in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless such
representation or warranty is as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate in all respects (or, to the extent representations
or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) as of such date);
(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
(iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;
(iv) there
shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof;
(v) the
Company shall have filed an additional listing application with the principal Trading Market with respect to the Shares and Warrant Shares;
and
(vi) from
the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s
principal Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall
not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such
service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities
nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude
in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of such Purchaser,
makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing.
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
3.1 Representations
and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part
hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section
of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:
(a) Subsidiaries.
All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company are set forth in the Company’s SEC Reports. The Company owns, directly
or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued
and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive
and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. If the Company has no subsidiaries, all other references to the Subsidiaries
or any of them in the Transaction Documents shall be disregarded.
7
(b) Organization
and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to
own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in
violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational
or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a corporation
or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary,
except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result
in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse
effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely
basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”)
and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail
such power and authority or qualification.
(c) Authorization;
Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The
execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further
action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other
than in connection with the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or
upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute
the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited
by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application
affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance,
injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by
applicable law.
(d) No
Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it
is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do
not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles
of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event
that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties
or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or, except as set forth in the SEC Reports, give to others any rights of termination, amendment,
anti-dilution or similar adjustments, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement,
credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company
or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject
to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or
other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state
securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the
case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(e) Filings,
Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice
to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other
Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than:
(i) the filings required pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the
Prospectus Supplement, (iii) the notice and/or application(s) to each applicable Trading Market for the issuance and sale
of the Securities and the listing of the Shares and Warrant Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby,
and (iv) such
filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).
8
(f) Issuance
of the Securities; Registration. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable
Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company.
The Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants, will be validly issued, fully paid
and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock
the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement and the Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants. The Company
prepared and filed the Registration Statement in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, which became effective on May 22,
2023 (the “Effective Date”), including the Prospectus, and such amendments and supplements thereto as may have been
required to the date of this Agreement, including the Prospectus Supplement. The Registration Statement is effective under the Securities
Act and no stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or suspending or preventing the use of
the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the
Company, are threatened by the Commission. At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the
date of this Agreement and at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto conformed and will conform in all
material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and the Prospectus
and the Prospectus Supplement and any amendments or supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement or any
amendment or supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements
of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company, if
required by the rules and regulations of the Commission, shall file the Prospectus with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b).
The Company is eligible to use Form S-3 under the Securities Act and it meets the transaction requirements with respect to the aggregate
market value of securities being sold pursuant to this offering and during the twelve (12) months prior to this offering, as set forth
in General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3.
(g) Capitalization.
As of the date hereof, the capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), which Schedule 3.1(g) shall also
include the number of shares of Common Stock owned beneficially, and of record, by Affiliates of the Company as of the date hereof.
The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than
pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance of shares of Common
Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of
Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has
any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities and as set forth on Schedule
3.1(g), there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character
whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any
Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts,
commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares
of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), the
issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other
securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers). There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any
Subsidiary with any provision that adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price of such security or instrument upon an
issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), there are no outstanding
securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no
contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a
security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock”
plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state
securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe
for or purchase securities. Other than the Board of Directors’ initial approval to consummate the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents, no further approval or authorization of any shareholder, the Board of
Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements
or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge
of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.
9
(h) SEC
Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be
filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof,
for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material)
(the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Prospectus
and the Prospectus Supplement, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has
received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As
of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange
Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial
statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the
rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been
prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved
(“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited
financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position
of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the
periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.
(i) Material
Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within
the SEC Reports, except as set forth in the SEC Reports, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that
could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent
or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed
in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared
or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase
or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate,
except pursuant to existing Company equity compensation plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for
confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth in the
SEC Reports, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur
or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or
financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation
is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
(j) Litigation.
Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending
or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective
properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state,
county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) that could have or reasonably be expected to result in a
Material Adverse Effect. There is no Action that (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability
of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is
or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a
claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated,
any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The
Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the
Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.
10
(k) Labor
Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company,
which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees
is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships
with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected
to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement
or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued
employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any
of the foregoing matters that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in
compliance with all applicable U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices,
terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(l) Compliance.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived
that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or
any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement
or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default
or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental
authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including
without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety,
product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result
in a Material Adverse Effect.
(m) Environmental
Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to
pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or
subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants,
contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the
environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or
handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments,
licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder
(“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under
applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions
of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably
expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(n) Regulatory
Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal,
state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except
where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material
Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification
of any Material Permit.
(o) Title
to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and
good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the
Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such
property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the
Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made
therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and
facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with
which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects, with such exceptions as are not material and do
not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property, improvements, equipment or personal
property by the Company or such subsidiary.
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(p) Intellectual
Property. The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications,
service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights
necessary or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as currently conducted or as currently proposed to be conducted
as described in the SEC Reports and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual
Property Rights”). None of, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any
of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned,
within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement, except for such expirations, terminations or abandonments, which could not
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest
audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual
Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material
Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement
by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures
to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of facts that would preclude
it from having valid license rights or clear title to the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company has no knowledge that it lacks or
will be unable to obtain any rights or licenses to use all Intellectual Property Rights that are necessary to conduct its business as
described in the Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement.
(q) Insurance.
The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such
amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited
to, directors and officers insurance coverage in an amount deemed commercially reasonable. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has
any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain
similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
(r) Transactions
With Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any
Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any
transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any
contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal
property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any
officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such
employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of
$120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses
incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option
plan of the Company.
(s) Sarbanes-Oxley;
Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with any and all
applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the
Closing Date, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as
of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls
sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or
specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with
management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the
existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the
Subsidiaries have established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(I) and
15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to provide reasonable assurance
that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. The
Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and
the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date,
the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act
the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their
evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial
reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is
reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
12
(t) Certain
Fees. Except for fees payable by the Company to the Placement Agent, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will
be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker,
bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers shall have no obligation
with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that
may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
(u) Investment
Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be
or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company
shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(v) Registration
Rights. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration
under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
(w) Listing
and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act,
and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration
of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating
such registration. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, the Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice
from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance
with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in
the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently
eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation and the Company is current
in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic
transfer.
(x) Application
of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable
any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar
anti-takeover provision under the Company’s articles of incorporation, as amended (or similar charter documents) or the laws of
its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling
their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s
issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.
(y) Disclosure.
Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company
confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel
with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise
disclosed in the Prospectus Supplement. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing
representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the
Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated
hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, taken as a whole, is true and correct in all material respects and
does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases
disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company
acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions
contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.
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(z) No
Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2,
neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers
or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities
to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market
on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
(aa) Solvency.
Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the
Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets
exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities
(including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small
capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account
the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and
capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would
receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to
pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur
debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in
respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for
reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date.
The SEC Reports sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any
Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement,
“Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other
than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent
obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s
consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or
collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in
excess of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in
default with respect to any Indebtedness.
(bb) Tax Status.
Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect,
the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income
and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes
and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and
declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods
subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed
to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such
claim.
14
(cc) Foreign
Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other
person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions,
gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment
to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds,
(iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf
of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA.
(dd) Accountants.
The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is EisnerAmper LLP. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such
accounting firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall express its opinion
with respect to the financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025.
(ee) Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely
in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby.
The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity)
with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their
respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely
incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s
decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions
contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
(ff) Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding
(except for Sections 3.2 (f) and 4.14 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the
Purchasers has been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or
short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the
Securities for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically
including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future
private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities;
(iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party,
directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) each Purchaser shall
not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative”
transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities
at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the
value of the Warrant Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if
any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the
hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a
breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
(gg) Regulation
M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any
action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the
sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any
of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities
of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Placement Agent in connection with the
placement of the Securities.
(hh) Reserved.
15
(ii) Stock
Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance
with the terms of the Company’s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of
the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under
the Company’s stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company
policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the
release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.
(jj) Cybersecurity.
(i)(x) To the Company’s knowledge, there has been no material security breach or other material compromise of or relating to
any of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s information technology and computer systems, networks, hardware, software, data (including
the data of its respective customers, employees, suppliers, vendors and any third party data maintained by or on behalf of it), equipment
or technology (collectively, “IT Systems and Data”) and (y) the Company and the Subsidiaries have not been notified
of, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in, any security breach or other compromise
to its IT Systems and Data; (ii) the Company and the Subsidiaries are presently in compliance with all applicable laws or statutes
and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies
and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems and Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Data
from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect; (iii) the Company and the Subsidiaries have implemented and maintained commercially reasonable safeguards to maintain
and protect its material confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and
Data; and (iv) the Company and the Subsidiaries have implemented backup and disaster recovery technology consistent with commercially
reasonable industry standards and practices.
(kk) Compliance
with Data Privacy Laws. (i) The Company and the Subsidiaries are, and at all times during the past three years were, in compliance
with all applicable state, federal and foreign data privacy and security laws and regulations, including, as applicable, the European
Union General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) (EU 2016/679) (collectively, “Privacy Laws”); (ii) the
Company and the Subsidiaries have in place, comply with, and take appropriate steps reasonably designed to ensure compliance with their
policies and procedures relating to data privacy and security and the collection, storage, use, disclosure, handling and analysis of Personal
Data (the “Policies”); (iii) the Company provides accurate notice of its applicable Policies to its customers, employees,
third party vendors and representatives as required by Privacy Laws; and (iv) applicable Policies provide accurate and sufficient
notice of the Company’s then-current privacy practices relating to its subject matter, and do not contain any material omissions
of the Company’s then-current privacy practices, as required by Privacy Laws. “Personal Data” means (i) a natural
person’s name, street address, telephone number, email address, photograph, social security number, bank information, or customer
or account number; (ii) any information which would qualify as “personally identifying information” under the Federal
Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii) “personal data” as defined by GDPR; and (iv) any other piece of information
that allows the identification of such natural person, or his or her family, or permits the collection or analysis of any identifiable
data related to an identified person’s health or sexual orientation. None of such disclosures made or contained in any of the Policies
have been inaccurate, misleading, or deceptive in violation of any Privacy Laws and the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction
Documents will not result in a breach of any Privacy Laws or Policies. Neither the Company nor the Subsidiaries, (i) has, to the
knowledge of the Company, received written notice of any actual or potential liability of the Company or the Subsidiaries under, or actual
or potential violation by the Company or the Subsidiaries of, any of the Privacy Laws; (ii) is currently conducting or paying for,
in whole or in part, any investigation, remediation or other corrective action pursuant to any regulatory request or demand pursuant to
any Privacy Law; or (iii) is a party to any order, decree, or agreement by or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory
authority that imposed any obligation or liability under any Privacy Law.
(ll) Office of
Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee
or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets
Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
(mm) U.S. Real
Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of
Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.
(nn) Bank Holding
Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as
amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal
Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent
(5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five (25%) percent or more of the total equity of a
bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and
to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
(oo) Money Laundering.
The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping
and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes
and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or
Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary
with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
16
3.2 Representations
and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the
date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case they shall be accurate
as of such date):
(a) Organization;
Authority. Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company
or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and otherwise
to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance by such
Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership,
limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a
party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute
the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited
by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application
affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance,
injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by
applicable law.
(b) Understandings
or Arrangements. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. Such Purchaser is acquiring
such Securities as principal for his, her, or its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities
or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing
any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement
or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities
Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell such Securities
pursuant to a registration statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).
(c) Purchaser
Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on which
it exercises any Warrants and/or Pre-Funded Warrants, it will either be an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1),
(a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7), (a)(8), (a)(9), (a)(12) or (a)(13) under the Securities Act, or a “qualified institutional buyer”
as defined in Rule 144(a) of under the Securities Act.
(d) Experience
of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience
in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities,
and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the
Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
(e) Access
to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all
exhibits and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has
deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering
of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its
financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its
investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without
unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. Such
Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such
Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired.
Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made or makes any representation as to the Company or the quality of the
Securities and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired non-public information with respect to the Company which such
Purchaser agrees need not be provided to it. In connection with the issuance of the Securities to such Purchaser, neither the
Placement Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or fiduciary to such Purchaser.
17
(f) Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not, nor has
any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or
sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first received
a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material pricing terms
of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the
case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s
assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions
of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by
the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons
party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners,
legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made
to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for
the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect
to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
(g) Brokers.
Except as set forth in the Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement, no agent, broker, investment banker, person or firm acting in a similar
capacity on behalf of or under the authority of the Purchaser is or will be entitled to any broker’s or finder’s fee or any
other commission or similar fee, directly or indirectly, for which the Company or any of its Affiliates after the Closing could have
any liabilities in connection with this Agreement, any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or on account of any action
taken by the Purchaser in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(h) Independent
Advice. Each Purchaser understands that nothing in this Agreement or any other materials presented by or on behalf of the Company
to the Purchaser in connection with the purchase of the Securities constitutes legal, tax or investment advice.
(i) General
Solicitation. Such Purchaser is not purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other communication
regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio or presented at any
seminar or, to the knowledge of such Purchaser, any other general solicitation or general advertisement.
The Company acknowledges and agrees that
the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s
representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document
or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation
or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions
in the future.
ARTICLE IV.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
4.1 Legends.
The Shares, the Warrants, the Pre-Funded Warrants and, if all or any portion of a Pre-Funded Warrant is exercised at a time when
there is an effective registration statement to cover the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares or if the Warrants and/or
Pre-Funded Warrant is exercised via cashless exercise, the Warrant Shares issued pursuant to any such exercise shall be issued free
of all legends. If at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement (or any subsequent registration statement
registering the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares) is not effective or is not otherwise available for the sale or resale of the
Shares, the Warrants, the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrant Shares, the Company shall promptly notify the holders of the Warrants
and the Pre-Funded Warrants in writing that such registration statement is not then effective and thereafter shall promptly notify
such holders when the registration statement is effective again and available for the sale or resale of the Shares, the Warrants,
the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrant Shares (it being understood and agreed that the foregoing shall not limit the ability of the
Company to issue, or any Purchaser to sell, any of the Warrant Shares in compliance with applicable federal and state securities
laws). The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to keep a registration statement (including the Registration Statement)
registering the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares effective during the term of the Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants.
4.2 Furnishing
of Information. Until the time that no Purchaser owns Securities, the Company covenants to maintain the registration of the Common
Stock under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act and to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and
file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange
Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
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4.3 Integration.
The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2
of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations
of any Trading Market in a manner that would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder
approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
4.4 Securities
Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material terms
of the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits
thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of such press release, the Company
represents to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers
by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including,
without limitation, the Placement Agent, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective
upon the issuance of such press release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under
any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees,
Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, on the one hand, and any of the Purchasers or any of their Affiliates
on the other hand, shall terminate and be of no further force or effect. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall
be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. The Company and each Purchaser shall consult
with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, and neither the Company nor
any Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the prior consent of the Company,
with respect to any press release of any Purchaser, or without the prior consent of each Purchaser, with respect to any press release
of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is required by law, in which case
the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement or communication. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with
the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except (a) as required
by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission and (b) to the extent
such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations in which case the Company shall, to the extent permitted by applicable
law, provide the Purchasers with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b) and reasonably cooperate with such
Purchaser regarding such disclosure.
4.5 Shareholder
Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser
is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution
under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser
could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents
or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.
4.6 Non-Public
Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction
Documents, which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.4, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other
Person acting on its behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the
Company reasonably believes constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have consented
in writing to the receipt of such information and agreed in writing with the Company to keep such information confidential. The
Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in
securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors,
agents, employees or Affiliates delivers any material, non-public information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s consent,
the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Purchaser shall not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the
Placement Agent, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees,
Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public
information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to applicable law. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to
any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the
Company shall simultaneously with the delivery of such notice file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on
Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting
transactions in securities of the Company.
4.7 Use
of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities as set forth in the Prospectus Supplement.
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4.8 Indemnification
of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors,
officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person
holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser (within the meaning
of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents,
members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding
a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) to the fullest extent
permitted by applicable law, harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses,
including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that
any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties,
covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted
against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is
not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such
action is solely based upon a material breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction
Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such shareholder or any violations by such Purchaser
Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which is finally judicially determined to constitute
fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct), or (c) in connection with any registration statement of the Company providing for
the resale by the Purchasers of the Warrant Shares issued and issuable upon exercise of the Warrants and/or Pre-Funded Warrants, the Company
will indemnify each Purchaser Party, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages,
liabilities, costs (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees) and expenses, as incurred, arising out of or relating
to (i) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in such registration statement, any prospectus or any
form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission
or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus
or supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, except to the extent, but only to
the extent, that such untrue statements or omissions are based solely upon information regarding such Purchaser Party furnished in writing
to the Company by such Purchaser Party expressly for use therein, or (ii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the
Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any state securities law, or any rule or regulation thereunder in connection therewith. If any
action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser
Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and, the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of
its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in
any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser
Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the
Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is,
in the reasonable opinion of counsel a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of
such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable and documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses
of no more than one such separate counsel. The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any
settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or
delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s
breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other
Transaction Documents as determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction. The indemnification required
by this Section 4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as
and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or
similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
4.9 Reservation
of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at
all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue
Shares pursuant to this Agreement and Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Warrants and/or Pre-Funded Warrants.
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4.10 Listing
of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock
on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all
of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such
Trading Market. The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will
then include in such application all of the Shares and Warrant Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of
the Shares and Warrant Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take
all action reasonably necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects
with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees
to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing
corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing
corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
4.11 Reserved.
4.12 Subsequent Equity Sales.
(a) From the date hereof
until 30 days after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (i) issue, enter into any agreement to issue
or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or (ii) file any
registration statement or any amendment or supplement thereto, in each case other than as contemplated by this Agreement, except for
the filing of the Resale Registration Statement, a Form S-3 shelf registration statement in the amount of $50 million, which
shall not be drawn down upon during such period, and a Form S-8 registration statement covering the employee equity incentive
plans.. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not conduct or effect any sales of
Common Stock pursuant to the At The Market Offering Agreement for a period of ten (10) days following the Closing Date (as
referenced in the Placement Agency Agreement).
(b) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Section 4.12 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance, except that no Variable Rate Transaction (beside
existing and outstanding transactions) shall be an Exempt Issuance.
4.13 Equal
Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be offered or paid to any
Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of the Transaction Documents unless the same consideration is
also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right
granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers
as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition
or voting of Securities or otherwise.
4.14 Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither it
nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short
Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such
time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as
described in Section 4.4. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time
as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as
described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and
the information included in the Disclosure Schedules (other than as disclosed to its legal and other representatives).
Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly
acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in
effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are
first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, (ii) no Purchaser shall be
restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities
laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the
initial press release as described in Section 4.4 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty
not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers,
directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, after the issuance of the initial
press release as described in Section 4.4. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed
investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio
managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such
Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the
portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.
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4.15 Exercise
Procedures. The form of Notice of Exercise included in the Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants set forth the totality of the procedures
required of the Purchasers in order to exercise the Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants. No additional legal opinion, other information
or instructions shall be required of the Purchasers to exercise their Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants. Without limiting the preceding
sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization)
of any Notice of Exercise form be required in order to exercise the Warrants Pre-Funded Warrants. The Company shall honor exercises of
the Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants and shall deliver Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth
in the Transaction Documents.
ARTICLE V.
MISCELLANEOUS
5.1 Termination.
This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever
on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated
on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however, that no such termination will affect
the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
5.2 Fees
and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses
of its advisors, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation,
preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without
limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered
by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.
5.3 Registration
Rights. The Company shall, within thirty (30) days following the Closing Date, prepare and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission
a registration statement (the “Resale Registration Statement”) covering the resale of the shares of Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of the Warrants, and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective
as promptly as practicable and to keep such registration statement continuously effective until the earlier of (i) the date all Warrant
Shares covered thereby have been sold or (ii) the date all Warrant Shares may be sold without restriction pursuant to Rule 144
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company shall bear all expenses associated with the filing and maintenance of such registration
statement, other than underwriting discounts, commissions, and legal fees of the holders.
5.4 Entire
Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement,
contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements
and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents,
exhibits and schedules.
5.5 Notices.
Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall
be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via
email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York
City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered
via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day
or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing,
if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required
to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the
extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding
the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on
Form 8-K.
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5.6 Amendments;
Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in
the case of an amendment, by the Company and Purchasers who purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the Shares and Warrants and/or Pre-Funded
Warrants based on the initial Subscription Amounts hereunder (or, prior to the Closing, the Company and each Purchaser) or, in the case
of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought, provided that if any amendment, modification
or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts a Purchaser (or group of Purchasers), the consent of such disproportionately impacted
Purchaser (or group of Purchasers) shall also be required. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement
of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other
provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner
impair the exercise of any such right. Any proposed amendment or waiver that disproportionately, materially and adversely affects the
rights and obligations of any Purchaser relative to the comparable rights and obligations of the other Purchasers shall require the prior
written consent of such adversely affected Purchaser. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding
upon each Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
5.7 Headings.
The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any
of the provisions hereof.
5.8 Successors
and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns.
The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser (other
than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or
transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by
the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”
5.9 No
Third-Party Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent shall be the third-party beneficiary of the representations and warranties of the Company
in Section 3.1 and the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2. This Agreement is intended for the benefit
of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof
be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.8 and this Section 5.8.
5.10 Governing
Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed
by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts
of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates,
directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts
sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting
in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction
contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably
waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such
court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives
personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered
or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this
Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein
shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action
or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.8,
the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’
fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
5.11 Survival.
The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
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5.12 Execution.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement
and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that
the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf”
format data file including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act,
the Electronic Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method, such signature
shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on
whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such “.pdf” signature page were an original
thereof.
5.13 Severability.
If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal,
void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force
and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts
to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision,
covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining
terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
5.14 Rescission
and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of
the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and
the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw,
in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part
without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of an exercise of
a Warrant and/or Pre-Funded Warrant, the applicable Purchaser shall be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such
rescinded exercise notice concurrently with the return to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for such
shares and the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Warrant and/or Pre-Funded
Warrant (including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).
5.15 Replacement
of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall
issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of
and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of
such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable
third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.
5.16 Remedies.
In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchasers
and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may
not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby
agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would
be adequate.
5.17 Payment
Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser
enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part
thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required
to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without
limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration
the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such
payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
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5.18 Independent
Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and
not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance
of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document,
and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association,
a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group
with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently
protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction
Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose.
Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. For
reasons of administrative convenience only, each Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through
Sichenzia Ross Ference Carmel LLP. Sichenzia Ross Ference Carmel LLP does not represent any of the Purchasers and only represents the
Placement Agent. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of
the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that
each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and
not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
5.19 Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or
granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business
Day.
5.20 Liquidated
Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents
is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been
paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due
and payable shall have been canceled.
5.21 Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or
granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business
Day.
5.22 Construction.
The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents
and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party
shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference
to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits,
stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
5.23 WAIVER
OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES
EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY
AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY.
[Signature Pages Follow]
25
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto
have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated
above.
NanoViricides, Inc.
By:
Name: Anil R. Diwan
Title: Chief Executive Officer
With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
Lucosky Brookman LLP
101 Wood Avenue South
Woodbridge, New Jersey 08830
Attention: Peter Campitiello
Email: pcampitiello@lucbro.com
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY
LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
[Signature Page to NNVC Securities Purchase Agreement]
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[PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have
caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated
above.
Name of Purchaser:
Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser:
Name of Authorized Signatory:
Title of Authorized Signatory:
Email Address of Authorized Signatory:
Address for Notice to Purchaser:
Subscription Amount: $
Shares:
Warrants:
Pre-Funded Warrants: Beneficial Ownership Blocker ☐ 4.99% or
☐ 9.99%
EIN Number:
EIN Number:
¨ Notwithstanding
anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, by checking this box (i) the obligations of the above-signed to purchase the
securities set forth in this Agreement to be purchased from the Company by the above-signed, and the obligations of the Company to sell
such securities to the above-signed, shall be unconditional and all conditions to Closing shall be disregarded, (ii) the Closing
shall occur on the first (1st) Trading Day following the date of this Agreement and (iii) any condition to Closing contemplated by
this Agreement (but prior to being disregarded by clause (i) above) that required delivery by the Company or the above-signed of
any agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable) shall no longer be a condition and shall instead
be an unconditional obligation of the Company or the above-signed (as applicable) to deliver such agreement, instrument, certificate or
the like or purchase price (as applicable) to such other party on the Closing Date.
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Exhibit A
Form of Pre-Funded Warrant
(attached)
Exhibit B
Form of Warrant
(attached)
EX-10.2 — EXHIBIT 10.2
EX-10.2
Filename: tm2615013d1_ex10-2.htm · Sequence: 6
Exhibit 10.2
PLACEMENT AGENCY AGREEMENT
May 15, 2026
NanoViricides, Inc.
1 Controls Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484
Attention: Anil R. Diwan, Chief Executive
Officer
Dear Mr. Diwan:
This agreement (the
“Agreement”) constitutes the agreement between D. Boral Capital LLC (the “Placement Agent” or “D.
Boral”) and NanoViricides, Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of Delaware (the “Company”),
pursuant to which the Placement Agent shall serve as the exclusive placement agent for the Company, on a “reasonable best efforts”
basis, in connection with the proposed placement (the “Placement”) of registered Common Stock (the “Shares”)
of the Company, par value $0.00001 per share (the “Common Stock”), warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s
Common Stock (the “Warrants”) and pre-funded warrants to purchase Common Stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”).
The Shares, the Warrants, the Pre-Funded Warrants, and the Common Stock underlying the Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants are collectively
referred to herein as the “Securities”). The terms of the Placement and the Securities shall be mutually agreed upon
by the Company and the purchasers (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”) and nothing
herein constitutes that the Placement Agent would have the power or authority to bind the Company or any Purchaser or an obligation for
the Company to issue any Securities or complete the Placement. This Agreement and the documents executed and delivered by the Company
and the Purchasers in connection with the Placement, including but not limited to the Purchase Agreement (as defined below), and the form
of the Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants shall be collectively referred to herein as the “Transaction Documents.”
The date of the closing of the Placement shall be referred to herein as the “Closing Date.” The Company expressly acknowledges
and agrees that the Placement Agent’s obligations hereunder are on a reasonable best efforts basis only and that the execution of
this Agreement does not constitute a commitment by the Placement Agent to purchase the Securities and does not ensure the successful placement
of the Securities or any portion thereof or the success of the Placement Agent with respect to securing any other financing on behalf
of the Company. With the prior written consent of the Company, the Placement Agent may retain other brokers or dealers to act as sub-agents
or selected-dealers on its behalf in connection with the Placement. The sale of the Securities to any Purchaser will be evidenced by a
securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) between the Company and such Purchaser in a form reasonably
acceptable to the Company and the Placement Agent. Capitalized terms that are not otherwise defined herein have the meanings given to
such terms in the Purchase Agreement. Prior to the signing of any Purchase Agreement, officers of the Company will be available to answer
inquiries from prospective Purchasers.
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SECTION 1.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY; COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY.
A. Representations
of the Company. Each of the representations and warranties (together with any related disclosure schedules thereto) and covenants
made by the Company to the Purchasers in the Purchase Agreement in connection with the Placement is hereby incorporated herein by reference
into this Agreement (as though fully restated herein) and is, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date, hereby made
to, and in favor of, the Placement Agent. In addition to the foregoing, the Company represents and warrants that:
1. The
Company has prepared and filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration
statement on Form S-3, as amended (Registration No. 333-271706),
and amendments thereto, and related preliminary prospectuses, for the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“Securities Act”), of the Securities which registration statement, as so amended (including post-effective
amendments, if any) became effective on May 22, 2023. At the time of such filing, the Company met the requirements of
Form S-3 under the Securities Act. Such registration statement meets the requirements set forth in
Rule 415(a)(1)(x) under the Securities Act and complies with said Rule. The Company will file with the Commission pursuant
to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations (the “Rules and
Regulations”) of the Commission promulgated thereunder, a supplement to the form of prospectus included in such
registration statement relating to the placement of the Securities and the plan of distribution thereof and has advised the
Placement Agent of all further information (financial and other) with respect to the Company required to be set forth therein. Such
registration statement, including the exhibits thereto, as amended at the date of this Agreement, is hereinafter called the
“Registration Statement”; such prospectus in the form in which it appears in the Registration Statement is
hereinafter called the “Base Prospectus”; and the supplemented form of prospectus, in the form in which it will
be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) (including the Base Prospectus as so supplemented) is hereinafter
called the “Prospectus Supplement.” Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Base
Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein (the
“Incorporated Documents”) which were filed under the Exchange Act on or before the date of this Agreement, or the
issue date of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be; and any reference in this Agreement to the terms
“amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, the Base
Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act
after the date of this Agreement, or the issue date of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be, deemed
to be incorporated therein by reference. All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other
information which is “contained,” “included,” “described,” “referenced,” “set
forth” or “stated” in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement (and all other
references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information
which is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus
Supplement, as the case may be. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Base
Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement has been issued, and no proceeding for any such purpose is pending or has been initiated or,
to the Company’s knowledge, is threatened by the Commission. For purposes of this Agreement, “free writing
prospectus” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act and the “Time of Sale
Prospectus” means the preliminary prospectus, if any, together with the free writing prospectuses, if any, used in
connection with the Placement, including any documents incorporated by reference therein.
2. The
Registration Statement (and any further documents to be filed with the Commission) contains all exhibits and schedules as required by
the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective, complied
in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations and did not and, as
amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus and
the Prospectus Supplement, each as of its respective date, comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act
and the applicable Rules and Regulations. Each of the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement,
as amended or supplemented, did not and will not contain as of the date thereof any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange
Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations, and none of such documents, when they were filed with the Commission, contained any
untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein (with respect to Incorporated
Documents incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement), in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus
or Prospectus Supplement, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will conform in all material respects to the requirements
of the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading. No post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement reflecting any facts or events arising after the date
thereof which represent, individually or in the aggregate, a fundamental change in the information set forth therein is required to be
filed with the Commission. There are no documents required to be filed with the Commission in connection with the transaction contemplated
hereby that (x) have not been filed as required pursuant to the Securities Act or (y) will not be filed within the requisite
time period. There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus or
Prospectus Supplement, or to be filed as exhibits or schedules to the Registration Statement, which (x) have not been described or
filed as required or (y) will not be filed within the requisite time period.
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3. The
Company is eligible to use free writing prospectuses in connection with the Placement pursuant to Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities
Act. Any free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act has been,
or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations
of the Commission thereunder. Each free writing prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under
the Securities Act or that was prepared by or behalf of or used by the Company complies or will comply in all material respects with the
requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. The Company will not, without
the prior consent of the Placement Agent, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus.
4. There
are no affiliations with any FINRA member firm among the Company’s officers, directors or, to the knowledge of the Company, any
ten percent (10.0%) or greater shareholder of the Company, except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the other documents the
Company has filed or furnished with the Commission.
B. Covenants
of the Company. The Company has delivered, or will as promptly as practicable deliver, to the Placement Agent materially complete
conformed copies of the Registration Statement and of each consent and certificate of experts, as applicable, filed as a part thereof,
and conformed copies of the Registration Statement (without exhibits), the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus
Supplement, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at such places as the Placement Agent reasonably requests. Neither the
Company nor any of its directors and officers has distributed and none of them will distribute, prior to the Closing Date, any offering
material in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities pursuant to the Placement other than the Base Prospectus, the Time
of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Registration Statement, copies of the documents incorporated by reference therein and
any other materials permitted by the Securities Act.
SECTION 2. REPRESENTATIONS
OF THE PLACEMENT AGENT. The Placement Agent represents and warrants that it (i) is a member in good standing of FINRA, (ii) is
registered as a broker/dealer under the Exchange Act, (iii) is licensed as a broker/dealer under the laws of the states applicable
to the offers and sales of the Securities by such Placement Agent, (iv) is and will be a body corporate validly existing under the
laws of its place of incorporation, and (v) has full power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement.
The Placement Agent will immediately notify the Company in writing of any change in its status as such. The Placement Agent covenants
that it will use its reasonable best efforts to conduct the Placement hereunder in compliance with the provisions of this Agreement and
the requirements of applicable law.
SECTION 3.
COMPENSATION. In consideration of the services to be provided for
hereunder, the Company shall pay to the Placement Agent or their respective designees their pro rata portion (based on the Securities
placed) of the following compensation with respect to the Securities which they are placing:
A. A
cash fee (the “Cash Fee”) equal to an aggregate of seven percent (7%) of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in the
Placement. The Cash Fee shall be paid at the closing of the Placement (the “Closing”).
B. Subject
to compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(D), the Company also agrees, in the event that the Company consummates the Placement, to
pay, or reimburse if paid by the Placement Agent, all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses incident to the Placement
and the performance of the obligations of the Placement Agent under this Agreement (including, without limitation, the fees and expenses
of the Placement Agent’s outside attorneys), provided that, such costs and expenses shall not exceed $50,000 without the Company’s
prior written approval (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). The Company will pay or reimburse Placement
Agent directly upon the Closing of the Placement from the gross proceeds raised in the Placement for all amounts owed under the preceding
sentence. For the avoidance of doubt, in the event that the Company does not consummate the Placement at the election of the Placement
Agent or the Purchasers, the Company shall have no obligation to reimburse the Placement Agent for any costs and expenses.
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C. The
Placement Agent reserves the right to reduce any item of its compensation or adjust the terms thereof as specified herein in the event
that a determination shall be made by FINRA to the effect that such Placement Agent’s aggregate compensation is in excess of FINRA
rules or that the terms thereof require adjustment.
SECTION 4.
INDEMNIFICATION. The Company agrees to the indemnification and
other agreements set forth in the Indemnification Provisions (the “Indemnification”) attached hereto as Exhibit A,
the provisions of which are incorporated herein by reference and shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement.
SECTION 5.
ENGAGEMENT TERM. The Placement Agent’s engagement hereunder
shall commence on the date of this Agreement and continue until June 15, 2026, unless earlier terminated in accordance with this
Section 5 (such date, the “Termination Date”). The Agreement may be terminated by the Company for cause, which shall
include the Placement Agent’s material failure to provide the placement agency services contemplated hereby, consistent with FINRA
Rule 5110(g)(5)(B). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the provisions concerning confidentiality, indemnification,
contribution and the Company’s obligations to pay fees and reimburse expenses contained herein and the Company’s obligations
contained in the Indemnification Provisions will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement for twelve (12) months, irrespective
of whether a closing occurs. All such fees and reimbursements due shall be paid to the Placement Agent on or before the Termination Date
(in the event such fees and reimbursements are earned or owed as of the Termination Date) or upon the closing of the Placement or any
applicable portion thereof (in the event such fees and reimbursements are due as of the Termination Date). The Placement Agent agrees
not to use any confidential information concerning the Company provided to them by the Company for any purposes other than those contemplated
under this Agreement.
SECTION 6.
PLACEMENT AGENT INFORMATION. The Company agrees that any information
or advice rendered by the Placement Agent in connection with this engagement is for the confidential use of the Company only in their
evaluation of the Placement and, except as otherwise required by law, the Company will not disclose or otherwise refer to the advice
or information in any manner without the Placement Agent’s prior written consent.
SECTION 7.
STANDSTILL. From the date hereof until thirty (30) days after the Closing
Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (i) issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed
issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or (ii) file any registration statement or any amendment or supplement
thereto, in each case other than as contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, provided, however, that the foregoing shall not restrict
or prohibit any sales of Common Stock pursuant to that certain At The Market Offering Agreement currently in effect between the Company
and the Placement Agent, including any prospectus supplement, sales agreement, or related filings made in connection therewith, as in
effect on the date hereof. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not conduct or effect
any sales of Common Stock pursuant to the At The Market Offering Agreement for a period of ten (10) days following the Closing Date.
SECTION 8.
NO FIDUCIARY RELATIONSHIP. This Agreement does not create, and
shall not be construed as creating rights enforceable by any person or entity not a party hereto, except those entitled hereto by virtue
of the Indemnification Provisions hereof. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent is not and shall not be construed
as a fiduciary of the Company and shall have no duties or liabilities to the equity holders or the creditors of the Company or any other
person by virtue of this Agreement or the retention of such Placement Agent hereunder, all of which are hereby expressly waived.
SECTION 9.
CLOSING. The obligations of the Placement Agent, and the closing
of the sale of the Securities hereunder are subject to the accuracy, when made and on the Closing Date, of the representations and warranties
on the part of the Company and its subsidiaries contained herein and in the Purchase Agreement, to the accuracy of the statements of
the Company and its subsidiaries made in any certificates pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company and its
subsidiaries of their obligations hereunder, and to each of the following additional terms and conditions, except as otherwise disclosed
to and acknowledged and waived by the Placement Agent to the Company:
A. No
stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall
have been initiated or threatened by the Commission, and any request for additional information on the part of the Commission (to be included
in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or otherwise) shall have been complied with to the reasonable
satisfaction of the Placement Agent. Any filings required to be made by the Company in connection with the Placement shall have been timely
filed with the Commission.
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B. The
Placement Agent shall not have discovered and disclosed to the Company on or prior to the Closing Date that the Registration Statement,
the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement of a fact which, in
the reasonable opinion of counsel for the Placement Agent, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the reasonable opinion of
such counsel, is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
C. All
corporate proceedings and other legal matters incident to the authorization, form, execution, delivery and validity of each of this Agreement,
the Shares, the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement and all other legal matters relating to this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be reasonably satisfactory in all material respects to counsel for the Placement
Agent, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel all documents and information that they may reasonably request to enable them
to pass upon such matters.
D. The
Placement Agent shall have received from outside counsel to the Company such counsel’s written opinions, addressed to the Placement
Agent and the Purchasers and dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agent.
E. On
the Closing Date, the Placement Agent shall have received a certificate from the Chief Financial Officer of the Company as of such date,
addressed to each of the Placement Agent and in form and substance satisfactory in all respects to the Placement Agent and Placement Agent’s
counsel.
F. On
the Closing Date, Placement Agent shall have received a certificate of the Chief Executive Officer or other authorized officer of the
Company, dated, as applicable, as of the date of such Closing, to the effect that, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the applicable
date, the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein and in the Purchase Agreement were and are accurate in all material
respects, except for such changes as are contemplated by this Agreement and except as to representations and warranties that were expressly
limited to a state of facts existing at a time prior to the applicable Closing Date, and that, as of the applicable date, the obligations
to be performed by the Company hereunder on or prior thereto have been fully performed in all material respects.
G. On
the Closing Date, Placement Agent shall have received a certificate of the Secretary of the Company, dated as of the date of such Closing,
certifying to the organizational documents, good standing in the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company and board resolutions relating
to the Placement of the Securities from the Company.
H. Neither
the Company nor any of its subsidiaries (i) shall have sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included
or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, any loss or interference
with its business from fire, explosion, flood, terrorist act or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor
dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth in or contemplated by the Registration Statement,
the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, (ii) since such date there shall not have been any change in the capital stock
or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting
the business, general affairs, management, financial position, shareholders’ equity, results of operations or prospects of the Company
and its subsidiaries, otherwise than as set forth in or contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus
Supplement, and (iii) since such date there shall not have been any new or renewed inquiries by the Commission, FINRA or any other
regulatory body regarding the Company, the effect of which, in any such case described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii), is, in the judgment
of the Placement Agent, so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the sale or delivery of the
Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated by the Base Prospectus, Time of Sale Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement.
I. The
Common Stock is registered under the Exchange Act and, as of the Closing Date, the Shares and the Common Stock underlying the Warrants
and the Pre-Funded Warrants shall be listed and admitted and authorized for trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Trading
Market”) or other applicable U.S. national exchange, or an application for such listing shall have been submitted to the Trading
Market, and satisfactory evidence of such action shall have been provided to the Placement Agent. The Company shall have taken no action
designed to, or likely to have the effect of terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting or suspending
from trading the Common Stock from the Trading Market or other applicable U.S. national exchange, nor, except as disclosed in the Base
Prospectus, Time of Sale Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement, has the Company received any information suggesting that the Commission
or the Trading Market or other U.S. applicable national exchange is contemplating terminating such registration or listing.
5
J. No
action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any governmental
agency or body which would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities or materially and adversely affect
or potentially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company; and no injunction, restraining order or order of any other
nature by any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction shall have been issued as of the Closing Date which would prevent the issuance
or sale of the Securities or materially and adversely affect or potentially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company.
K. The
Company shall have prepared and filed with the Commission a Form 8-K with respect to the Placement, including as an exhibit thereto
this Agreement.
L. The
Company shall have entered into a Purchase Agreement with each of the Purchasers and such agreements shall be in full force and effect
and shall contain representations, warranties and covenants of the Company as agreed between the Company and the Purchasers.
M. FINRA
shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms and arrangements of this Agreement. In addition, the Company
shall, if requested by the Placement Agent, make or authorize Placement Agent’s counsel to make on the Company’s behalf, any
filing with the FINRA Corporate Financing Department pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110 with respect to the Placement and pay all filing
fees required in connection therewith.
N. Prior
to the Closing Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Placement Agent such further information, certificates and documents as the
Placement Agent may reasonably request.
If any of the conditions
specified in this Section 9 shall not have been fulfilled when and as required by this Agreement, or if any of the certificates,
opinions, written statements or letters furnished to the Placement Agent or to Placement Agent’s counsel pursuant to this Section 9
shall not be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Placement Agent and to Placement Agent’s counsel, all obligations
of the Placement Agent hereunder may be cancelled by the Placement Agent at, or at any time prior to, the consummation of the Closing.
Notice of such cancellation shall be given to the Company in writing or orally. Any such oral notice shall be confirmed promptly thereafter
in writing.
SECTION 10.
TAIL FINANCING. The Placement Agent shall be entitled to a cash fee equal to
seven percent (7.0%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company in any bona fide capital raise from the sale of any equity, debt and/or
equity derivative instruments (the “Tail Financing”) to any Person actually introduced by the Placement Agent to the
Company at any time during the term of this Agreement or within the sixty (60) day period following the expiration or termination of
the term of this Agreement (the “Tail Period”), provided that such financing is by a Person actually introduced to
the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no fee shall be payable by the Company pursuant to this Section 10 if the Company terminates
this Agreement for cause. For the avoidance of doubt, no fee shall be payable by the Company to the Placement Agent from the proceeds
of any sale or issuance of any equity and equity-linked securities to any Person other than the Person introduced to the Company by the
Placement Agent.
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SECTION 11. GOVERNING
LAW; AGENT FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS, ETC. This Agreement will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the
State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed entirely in such State, without regard to the conflicts of laws principles
thereof. This Agreement may not be assigned by either party without the prior written consent of the other party. This Agreement shall
be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Any right to trial
by jury with respect to any dispute arising under this Agreement or any transaction or conduct in connection herewith is waived. Any
dispute arising under this Agreement may be brought into the courts of the State of New York or into the federal court located in New
York, New York and, by execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company hereby accepts for itself and in respect of its property,
generally and unconditionally, the jurisdiction of aforesaid courts. Each party hereto hereby irrevocably waives personal service of
process and consents, to the extent permitted by applicable law, to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by delivering
a copy thereof via overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this
Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained
herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. The Company agrees that a final
judgment in any such action, proceeding or counterclaim brought in any such court shall be conclusive and binding upon the Company and
may be enforced in any other courts to the jurisdiction of which the Company is or may be subject, by suit upon such judgment. If either
party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provisions of a Transaction Document, then the prevailing party in such action
or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its attorney’s fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation,
preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding. In addition to and without limiting the foregoing, the Company has confirms
that it has appointed Capitol Corporate Services, Inc., as its authorized agent (the “Authorized Agent”) upon
whom process may be served in any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon the this Agreement or the Transaction Documents
or the transactions contemplated herein which may be instituted in any New York federal or state court, by the Placement Agent, the directors,
officers, partners, members, managers, employees and agents of the Placement Agent, and expressly accept the non-exclusive jurisdiction
of any such court in respect of any such suit, action or proceeding. The Company hereby represents and warrants that the Authorized Agent
has accepted such appointment and has agreed to act as said agent for service of process, and the Company agrees to take any and all
action, including the filing of any and all documents that may be necessary to continue such appointment in full force and effect as
aforesaid. The Company hereby authorizes and directs the Authorized Agent to accept such service. Service of process upon the Authorized
Agent shall be deemed, in every respect, effective service of process upon the Company. If the Authorized Agent shall cease to act as
agent for service of process, the Company shall appoint, without unreasonable delay, another such agent in the United States, and notify
you of such appointment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any action arising out of or based upon this Agreement may be instituted by the
Placement Agent, the directors, officers, partners, members, managers, employees and agents of the Placement Agent, in any court of competent
jurisdiction in the State of New York. This paragraph shall survive any termination of this Agreement, in whole or in part.
SECTION 12.
ENTIRE AGREEMENT/MISCELLANEOUS. This Agreement (including the attached Indemnification Provisions) embodies the entire agreement
and understanding between the parties hereto, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, relating to the subject matter
hereof. If any provision of this Agreement is determined to be invalid or unenforceable in any respect, such determination will not affect
such provision in any other respect or any other provision of this Agreement, which will remain in full force and effect. This Agreement
may not be amended or otherwise modified or waived except by an instrument in writing signed by both Placement Agent and the Company.
The representations, warranties, agreements and covenants contained herein shall survive the closing of the Placement and delivery of
the Securities. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one
and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party,
it being understood that both parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission
or a .pdf format file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature
is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or .pdf signature page were an original thereof.
7
SECTION 13.
CONFIDENTIALITY. The Placement Agent (i) will keep the Confidential Information
(as such term is defined below) confidential and will not (except as required by applicable law or stock exchange requirement, regulation
or legal process (“Legal Requirement”), without the Company’s prior written consent, disclose to any person
any Confidential Information, and (ii) will not use any Confidential Information other than in connection with the Placement. The
Placement Agent further agrees, severally and not jointly, to disclose the Confidential Information only to its Representatives (as such
term is defined below) who need to know the Confidential Information for the purpose of the Placement, and who are informed by the Placement
Agent of the confidential nature of the Confidential Information. The term “Confidential Information” shall mean,
all confidential, proprietary and non-public information (whether written, oral or electronic communications) furnished by the Company
to a Placement Agent or its Representatives in connection with such Placement Agent’s evaluation of the Placement. The term “Confidential
Information” will not, however, include information which (i) is or becomes publicly available other than as a result
of a disclosure by a Placement Agent or its Representatives in violation of this Agreement, (ii) is or becomes available to a Placement
Agent or any of its Representatives on a non-confidential basis from a third-party who, to the Placement Agent’s and its Representatives’
knowledge, as applicable, is not bound by obligations of confidentiality to the Company with respect to such information, (iii) is
known to a Placement Agent or any of its Representatives prior to disclosure by the Company or any of its Representatives from a source
not bound by obligations of confidentiality to the Company with respect to such information, or (iv) is or has been independently
developed by a Placement Agent and/or the Representatives without use of any Confidential Information furnished to it by the Company.
The term “Representatives” shall mean the Placement Agent’s directors, board committees, officers, employees, financial
advisors, attorneys and accountants. This provision shall be in full force until the earlier of (a) the date that the Confidential
Information ceases to be confidential and (b) two years from the date hereof. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, in the event
that the Placement Agent or any of their respective Representatives are required by Legal Requirement to disclose any of the Confidential
Information, such Placement Agent and their respective Representatives will notify the Company in writing, as promptly as practicable,
prior to disclosure of such information, and furnish only that portion of the Confidential Information which such Placement Agent or
their respective Representative, as applicable, is required to disclose by Legal Requirement as advised by counsel, and will use reasonable
efforts to obtain reliable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded the Confidential Information so disclosed.
SECTION 14.
NOTICES. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in
writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication
is sent to the email address specified on the signature pages attached hereto prior to 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a
business day, (b) the next business day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is sent to the email address
on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a business day or later than 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on
any business day, (c) the third business day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. internationally recognized air courier
service, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications
shall be as set forth on the signature pages hereto.
SECTION 15. PRESS
ANNOUNCEMENTS. The Company agrees that the Placement Agent shall, from and after any public announcement of the Closing, have the
right to reference the Placement and the Placement Agent’s role in connection therewith in the Placement Agent’s marketing
materials and on its website and to place advertisements in financial and other newspapers and journals, in each case at its own expense.
[The remainder of this page has been intentionally
left blank.]
8
Please confirm that the foregoing correctly
sets forth our agreement by signing and returning to D. Boral the enclosed copy of this Agreement.
Very truly yours,
D. Boral Capital LLC
By:
Name:
Philip Wiederlight
Title:
Chief Operating Officer
Address
for notice:
590
Madison Avenue, 39th Floor
New
York, NY 10022
Attention:
Philip Wiederlight, Chief Operating Officer
Email:
pwiederlight@dboralcapital.com
Accepted and Agreed to as of
the date first written above:
NanoViricides, Inc.
By:
Name:
Anil R. Diwan
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
Address
for notice:
NanoViricides, Inc.
1
Controls Drive
Shelton,
CT 06484
Attention:
Anil Diwan, President, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer
Email:
adiwan@nanoviricides.com
[Signature Page to NNVC Placement Agency Agreement]
EXHIBIT A
INDEMNIFICATION
PROVISIONS
In connection with
the engagement of D. Boral Capital LLC (the “Placement Agent”) by NanoViricides, Inc. (the “Company”) pursuant
to a placement agency agreement dated as of the date hereof, between the Company and the Placement Agent, as it may be amended from time
to time in writing (the “Agreement”), the Company hereby agrees as follows:
1. To
the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify the Placement Agent and its affiliates, directors, officers, employees and controlling
persons (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 20 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934) against all losses, claims, damages, expenses and liabilities, as the same are incurred (including the reasonable fees and
expenses of counsel), relating to or arising out of its activities hereunder or pursuant to the Agreement, except, with regard to the
Placement Agent, to the extent that any losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) are found in
a final judgment (not subject to appeal) by a court of law to have resulted primarily and directly from any indemnitee’s bad faith,
willful misconduct, fraud or gross negligence.
2. Promptly
after receipt by the Placement Agent of notice of any claim or the commencement of any action or proceeding with respect to which the
Placement Agent is entitled to indemnity hereunder, the Placement Agent will notify the Company in writing of such claim or of the commencement
of such action or proceeding, and the Company will assume the defense of such action or proceeding and will employ counsel reasonably
satisfactory to the Placement Agent and will pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence,
the Placement Agent will be entitled to employ counsel separate from counsel for the Company and from any other party in such action if
counsel for the Placement Agent reasonably determines that it would be inappropriate under the applicable rules of professional responsibility
for the same counsel to represent both the Company and the Placement Agent. In such event, the reasonable fees and disbursements of no
more than one such separate counsel will be paid by the Company. The Company will have the exclusive right to settle the claim or proceeding
provided that the Company will not settle any such claim, action or proceeding without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent,
which will not be unreasonably withheld. The Placement Agent and all other indemnitees shall not settle any claim, action or proceeding
without the prior written consent of the Company.
3. The
Company agrees to notify the Placement Agent promptly of the assertion against it or any other person of any claim or the commencement
of any action or proceeding relating to a transaction contemplated by the Agreement.
4. If
for any reason the foregoing indemnity is unavailable to the Placement Agent or insufficient to hold the Placement Agent harmless, then
the Company shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the Placement Agent, as the case may be, as a result of such losses, claims,
damages or liabilities in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits received by the Company on the one
hand, and the Placement Agent on the other, but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Placement Agent on the
other that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any relevant equitable considerations. The amounts paid
or payable by a party in respect of losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to above shall be deemed to include any legal or
other fees and expenses incurred in defending any litigation, proceeding or other action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions hereof,
the Placement Agent’s share of the liability hereunder shall not be in excess of the amount of fees actually received, or to be
received, by the Placement Agent under the Agreement (excluding any amounts received as reimbursement of expenses incurred by the Placement
Agent).
5. These
Indemnification Provisions shall remain in full force and effect whether or not the transaction contemplated by the Agreement is completed
and shall survive the termination of the Agreement, and shall be in addition to any liability that the Company might otherwise have to
any indemnified party under the Agreement or otherwise.
A-1
EX-10.3 — EXHIBIT 10.3
EX-10.3
Filename: tm2615013d1_ex10-3.htm · Sequence: 7
Exhibit 10.3
LOCK-UP AGREEMENT
May 15, 2026
D. Boral Capital LLC
590 Madison Avenue, 39th Floor
New York, NY 10022
Re: Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 15, 2026, (the “SPA”) by and between
NanoViricides, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) and D. Boral Capital LLC (the “Placement Agent”)
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned irrevocably
agrees with the Company that, from the date hereof until thirty (30) days following the date of the Securities Purchase Agreement (the
“Purchase Agreement”) entered into by and between the Company and the purchaser signatories thereto (such period, the
“Restriction Period”), the undersigned will not offer, sell, contract to sell, hypothecate, pledge or otherwise dispose
of (or enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might reasonably be expected to, result in the disposition (whether by actual
disposition or effective economic disposition due to cash settlement or otherwise) by the undersigned or any Affiliate (as defined in
the Purchase Agreement) of the undersigned or any person in privity with the undersigned or any Affiliate of the undersigned), directly
or indirectly, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning
of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), with respect to, any shares
of common stock of the Company or securities convertible, exchangeable or exercisable into, shares of common stock of the Company beneficially
owned, held or hereafter acquired by the undersigned (the “Securities”). Beneficial ownership shall be calculated in
accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act. In order to enforce this covenant, the Company shall impose irrevocable stop-transfer
instructions preventing the transfer agent of the Company from effecting any actions in violation of this letter agreement. The Placement
Agent may consent to an early release from the Restriction Period if, in their sole and absolute discretion, the market for the Securities
would not be adversely impacted by sales and in cases of financial emergency.
Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the undersigned may transfer the undersigned’s Securities in accordance with any of the following:
(i) transfers
as a bona fide gift or gifts or to a charity or educational institution;
(ii) transfers
to any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned or the immediate family of the undersigned;
(iii) if
the undersigned is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business entity (1) transfers to another
corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business entity that is a direct or indirect affiliate (as defined
in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) of the undersigned, (2) distributions of shares of common
stock or any security convertible into or exercisable for common stock to limited partners, limited liability company members or stockholders
of the undersigned, or (3) in connection with a sale, merger or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the undersigned
or any other change of control of the undersigned, not undertaken for the purpose of avoiding the restrictions imposed by this letter
agreement;
(iv) if
the undersigned is a trust, transfers to the beneficiary of such trust;
(v) transfers
by testate succession or intestate succession;
(vi) to
cover the payment of the exercise prices or the payment of taxes associated with the exercise or vesting of equity awards that were issued
under any equity compensation plan of the Company;
(vii) transfers
pursuant to the Purchase Agreement; or
(viii) by
operation of law, such as pursuant to a qualified domestic order or in connection with a divorce decree.
provided,
that (A) except with respect to clauses (vi), (vii) and (viii), such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, and
(B) except with respect to clauses (vi) and (vii), the transferee agrees in writing with the Placement Agent and the Company
to be bound by the terms of this letter agreement. For purposes of this letter agreement, “immediate family” shall mean any
relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin.
In addition, the lock-up restrictions
provided in the first paragraph of this letter agreement shall not apply to the transfer of any or all of the Securities owned by the
undersigned as follows: (a) pursuant to a tender offer, merger, stock sale, recapitalization, consolidation or similar transaction
involving the Company or (b) the establishment of a trading plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act so long as such
plan does not permit the transfer of the Securities during the Restriction Period other than as otherwise allowed pursuant to this letter
agreement. In addition, notwithstanding the foregoing, this letter agreement shall not restrict the delivery of shares of common stock
to the undersigned upon the exercise or vesting of a stock option or other award under the Company’s equity-based incentive plan.
The undersigned acknowledges
that the execution, delivery and performance of this letter agreement is a material inducement to the Placement Agent to perform under
the Placement Agency Agreement and that the Placement Agent (which shall be third party beneficiaries of this letter agreement) and the
Company shall be entitled to specific performance of the undersigned’s obligations hereunder. The undersigned hereby represents
that the undersigned has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this letter agreement, that the undersigned has received
adequate consideration therefor and that the undersigned will indirectly benefit from the closing of the transactions contemplated by
the Placement Agency Agreement and the Purchase Agreement.
2
This
letter agreement may not be amended or otherwise modified in any respect without the written consent of each of the Company, the Placement
Agent and the undersigned. This letter agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York
without regard to the principles of conflict of laws. The undersigned hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction
of the United States District Court sitting in the Southern District of New York and the courts of the State of New York located in Manhattan,
for the purposes of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this letter agreement, and hereby waives, and agrees
not to assert in any such suit, action or proceeding, any claim that (i) it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such
court, (ii) the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, or (iii) the venue of the suit, action or proceeding
is improper. The undersigned hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit,
action or proceeding by receiving a copy thereof sent to the Company at the address in effect for notices to it under the Letter of Engagement
and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. The undersigned hereby waives
any right to a trial by jury. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted
by law. The undersigned agrees and understands that this letter agreement does not intend to create any relationship between the undersigned
and the Placement Agent and that no issuance or sale of the Securities is created or intended by virtue of this letter agreement.
This letter agreement shall
be binding on successors and assigns of the undersigned with respect to the Securities and any such successor or assign shall enter into
a similar agreement for the benefit of the Placement Agent.
*** SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS***
3
This letter agreement may
be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together may be considered one and the same agreement.
Signature
Print Name
Position in Company, if any
Address for Notice:
Number of shares of Common Stock
By signing below, the Company
agrees to enforce the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Letter Agreement
NANOVIRICIDES, INC.
By:
Name: Anil R. Diwan
Title: Chief Executive Officer
4
EX-99.1 — EXHIBIT 99.1
EX-99.1
Filename: tm2615013d1_ex99-1.htm · Sequence: 8
Exhibit 99.1
NanoViricides Announces Pricing of ~$2 Million Registered Direct
Offering
SHELTON, CT Friday, May 15, 2026
NanoViricides, Inc. (NYSE American:NNVC) ("NanoViricides"
or the "Company"), a clinical stage, leading global pioneer in the development of broad-spectrum antivirals based on host-mimetic
nanomedicine technology that viruses and their variants cannot escape, today announced it has entered into a securities purchase agreement
with a single fundamental institutional investor for the purchase and sale of 1,333,334 million common shares (or pre-funded warrants
in lieu thereof), together with accompanying warrants to purchase 1,333,334 common shares for gross proceeds of approximately US$2 million
in a registered direct offering (the "Offering"). The common shares are being sold in combination with an accompanying full
warrant (with each whole warrant being exercisable into one common share of the Company). Each whole warrant has an exercise price of
US$1.75 per share and will expire three years from the date of issuance.
D. Boral Capital LLC is acting as the exclusive placement agent for
the Offering.
The closing of the Offering is expected to occur on or about May 18,
2026, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The Company expects to receive aggregate gross proceeds of ~$2 million
from the Offering, before deducting placement agent fees and other related expenses.
The common shares (or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof) are being
offered by the Company pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333- 271706), which was
declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on May 22, 2023.
A prospectus supplement describing the terms of the proposed registered
direct offering will be filed with the SEC. Once filed, it will be available on the SEC's website at https://www.sec.gov. A copy
of the prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus relating to the offering may be obtained, when available, from D. Boral
Capital LLC, 590 Madison Avenue, 39th Floor, New York, NY 10022, or by telephone at (212) 404-7002, or by email at dbccapitalmarkets@dboralcapital.com.
This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation
of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would
be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.
About NanoViricides
NanoViricides, Inc., is a publicly traded company (NYSE American: NNVC)
(the "Company"), and a clinical stage, leading global pioneer in the development of broad-spectrum antivirals based on host-mimetic
nanomedicine technology that viruses and their variants cannot escape. Its clinical stage, broad-spectrum, antiviral drug NV-387 has been
granted an "Orphan Drug Designation" (ODD) by the US FDA Office of Orphan Products Development (OOPD). This could provide 7
years market exclusivity, tax credits for clinical trial costs, and fee exemptions upon approval. NV-387 is a revolutionary antiviral
that we believe will be the drug offered at "first visit" when the patient presents to a doctor with any respiratory viral illness.
NV-387 was also found to be highly effective in lethal animal infection models of Influenza, RSV, Coronaviruses, Monkeypox, Smallpox,
and Measles.
Forward-Looking Statements
Statements made in this press release include forward-looking statements
within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking
statements can be identified by the use of words such as "may," "will," "plan," "should," "expect,"
"anticipate," "estimate," "continue," or comparable terminology. Such forward-looking statements are inherently
subject to certain risks, trends, and uncertainties, many of which the Company cannot predict with accuracy and some of which the Company
might not even anticipate and involve factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or suggested. These
risks include, but are not limited to, the ability to complete the offering on the terms described or at all, the ability to satisfy customary
closing conditions, market conditions, regulatory developments affecting the digital asset and stablecoin industries, and other risks
described in the Company's filings with the SEC. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements
and are advised to consider the factors listed above together with the additional factors under the heading "Risk Factors" in
the Company's Annual Reports on Form 20-F, as may be supplemented or amended by the Company's Reports of a Foreign Private Issuer on Form
6-K. The Company assumes no obligation to update or supplement forward-looking statements that become untrue because of subsequent events,
new information, or otherwise.
Contacts
For inquiries, contact:
NanoViricides, Inc.
info@nanoviricides.com
Public Relations Contact:
ir@nanoviricides.com
SOURCE: NanoViricides
EX-99.2 — EXHIBIT 99.2
EX-99.2
Filename: tm2615013d1_ex99-2.htm · Sequence: 9
Exhibit 99.2
NanoViricides Announces Closing of ~$2 Million Registered Direct
Offering
Shelton, Connecticut - May 18, 2026.
NanoViricides, Inc. (NYSE
American: NNVC) (“NanoViricides” or the “Company”), a clinical stage, leading global pioneer in the development
of broad-spectrum antivirals based on host-mimetic nanomedicine technology that viruses and their variants cannot escape, today announced
the closing of its previously announced registered direct offering (the "Offering") of 1,333,334 million shares of common stock
(or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof), together with accompanying warrants to purchase 1,333,334 common shares (the "Offering").
The common shares, in combination with an accompanying full warrant (with each whole warrant being exercisable into one common share
of the Company). The Offering was made to a single, fundamental institutional investor and priced at-the-market price of $1.50. Each
whole warrant has an exercise price of US$1.75 per share and will be exercisable six months from issuance and will expire in three years.
The Company received aggregate gross proceeds of $2,000,001 from the Offering, before deducting placement agent fees and other related
expenses.
D. Boral Capital LLC acted as the exclusive placement
agent for the Offering.
The ordinary shares (or pre-funded warrants in
lieu thereof) were offered by the Company pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333- 271706),
which was declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on May 22, 2023.
A
prospectus supplement describing the terms of the proposed registered direct offering was filed with the SEC and is available on the
SEC’s website at http://ww.sec.gov. A copy
of the prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus relating to the offering may be obtained, when available, from D. Boral
Capital LLC, 590 Madison Avenue, 39th Floor, New York, NY 10022, or by telephone at (212) 404-7002, or by email at dbccapitalmarkets@dboralcapital.com.
This press release shall not constitute an offer
to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer,
solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.
About NanoViricides
NanoViricides, Inc., is a publicly traded company
(NYSE American: NNVC) (the "Company"), and a clinical stage, leading global pioneer in the development of broad-spectrum antivirals
based on host-mimetic nanomedicine technology that viruses and their variants cannot escape. Its clinical stage, broad-spectrum, antiviral
drug NV-387 has been granted an “Orphan Drug Designation” (ODD) by the US FDA Office of Orphan Products Development (OOPD).
This could provide 7 years market exclusivity, tax credits for clinical trial costs, and fee exemptions upon approval. NV-387 is a revolutionary
antiviral that we believe will be the drug offered at “first visit” when the patient presents to a doctor with any respiratory
viral illness. NV-387 was also found to be highly effective in lethal animal infection models of Influenza, RSV, Coronaviruses, Monkeypox,
Smallpox, and Measles.
Forward-Looking Statements
Statements made in this press release include
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,”
“plan,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “continue,”
or comparable terminology. Such forward-looking statements are inherently subject to certain risks, trends, and uncertainties, many of
which the Company cannot predict with accuracy and some of which the Company might not even anticipate and involve factors that may cause
actual results to differ materially from those projected or suggested. These risks include, but are not limited to, the ability to complete
the offering on the terms described or at all, the ability to satisfy customary closing conditions, market conditions, regulatory developments
affecting the digital asset and stablecoin industries, and other risks described in the Company’s filings with the SEC. Readers
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements and are advised to consider the factors listed above together
with the additional factors under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 20-F, as may be
supplemented or amended by the Company’s Reports of a Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K. The Company assumes no obligation to update
or supplement forward-looking statements that become untrue because of subsequent events, new information, or otherwise.
Contacts
For enquiries,
Contact:
NanoViricides, Inc.
info@nanoviricides.com
Public Relations Contact:
ir@nanoviricides.com
Source: NanoViricides, Inc.
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- Definition
Code for the postal or zip code
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No definition available.
+ Details
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- Definition
Name of the state or province.
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No definition available.
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dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince
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dei:stateOrProvinceItemType
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- Definition
A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 12
-Subsection b-2
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- Definition
Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 12
-Subsection b-2
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- Definition
Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.
+ References
No definition available.
+ Details
Name:
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Data Type:
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Balance Type:
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X
- Definition
Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.
+ References
No definition available.
+ Details
Name:
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Namespace Prefix:
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Data Type:
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Balance Type:
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- Definition
The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 12
-Subsection b-2
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- Definition
The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 12
-Subsection b-2
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- Definition
Local phone number for entity.
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No definition available.
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Balance Type:
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Period Type:
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- Definition
Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 13e
-Subsection 4c
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Period Type:
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- Definition
Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 14d
-Subsection 2b
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- Definition
Title of a 12(b) registered security.
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Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 12
-Subsection b
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- Definition
Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 12
-Subsection d1-1
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Data Type:
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Period Type:
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- Definition
Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Exchange Act
-Number 240
-Section 14a
-Subsection 12
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Data Type:
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Balance Type:
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X
- Definition
Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.
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No definition available.
+ Details
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Namespace Prefix:
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Data Type:
dei:tradingSymbolItemType
Balance Type:
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Period Type:
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- Definition
Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.
+ References
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher SEC
-Name Securities Act
-Number 230
-Section 425
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